自由主义框架内民族分离主义话语诠释的理论困境分析  

An Analysis of the Theoretical Dilemma in Interpreting the Discourse of National Separatism within the Liberal Framework

作　　者：王千陌 Qianmo Wang

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学马克思主义学院,广州510000

出　　处：《世界民族》2021年第5期106-115,共10页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“习近平新时代观若干重大理论问题研究”(项目编号:18ZDA002)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：自由主义本质上是以个体主义为中心的,民族分离主义则事关民族主义和集体认同,以个体主义为逻辑基础的自由主义无法诠释民族主义的存在基础和运转机制,这就造成了自由主义框架内民族分离主义问题的诠释困境。以个体权利为中心的自然权利理论,造成了主权合法性边界的模糊,并事实上允诺了个体化的主权理论。以普世主义为核心的道德理论,消解了爱国主义的存在根基。文化民族主义无法为民族国家观念的稳定提供理论支撑。自然权利、普世主义、文化民族主义共同构成当代自由主义学说在反对分离主义构建民族国家上的困难。任何一个主权国家若想维持民族团结和政治稳定,都要警惕自由主义政治理论在政治生活中的影响。Liberalism essentially centers on individualism,while national separatism is related to nationalism and collective identity.As a result,liberalism,based on individualism,cannot interpret the basis for existence and operation mechanism of nationalism,thus leading to the interpretation dilemma of national separatism within the liberal framework.The natural rights theory centering on individual rights has blurred the boundary of the legitimacy of sovereignty and in fact advocated an individualized theory of sovereignty.The moral theory with cosmopolitanism as the core destructs the foundation for patriotism to exist.Cultural nationalism cannot provide theoretical support for the stability of the concept of nation-state.Therefore,Natural rights,cosmopolitanism and cultural nationalism together constitute the theoretical difficulties for contemporary liberalism to oppose separatism from building a nation-state.If any sovereign state wants to maintain national unity and political stability,it must remain alert to the influence of liberal political theory in political life.

关 键 词：自由主义 分离主义 自然权利 爱国主义 民族认同 

分 类 号：D081[政治法律—政治学] D0