《德意志意识形态》是否具有完整性?  

Question and Response:Does The German Ideology Have Unity?

作　　者：丁中正 刘同舫[1] Ding Zhongzheng;Liu Tongfang(School of Marxism,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学马克思主义学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第5期139-148,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：2019年国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA003)。

摘　　要：随着对《德意志意识形态》的考证和研究的深入,国内外学者开始质疑其完整性。有学者将《德意志意识形态》视为结构松散的"季刊",进而否认该文本及"费尔巴哈"章的存在,对其结构完整性乃至存在合理性发出诘难;而由讨论《德意志意识形态》中马克思、恩格斯的写作分工所催生出的"马克思恩格斯对立论"和以阿尔都塞"认识论断裂"为代表的诸种"断裂论",共同构成了对《德意志意识形态》逻辑完整性的挑战。"季刊说"完全否认《德意志意识形态》结构完整性的说法具有主观性,"马克思恩格斯对立论"在论证上自相矛盾,"断裂论"则夸大了《德意志意识形态》在理论逻辑上的张力。"季刊说""对立论"和"断裂论"对《德意志意识形态》完整性的质疑只局限于结构或逻辑的单一维度,没有在逻辑与结构相结合的双重视域中展开综合考察,致使对该文本的完整性问题做出了错误判断。The German Ideology is a landmark text in the historical development of Marxism.However,because of its complexity in writing strategy and sequence,and the arrangement and preservation of the manuscript,this text has left future researchers with questions about its unity.Since the 1980 s,Marxist scholars represented by the editors of MEGA2 have questioned The German Ideology from the perspective of structural integrity.Their claims are called"Quarterly Theory".In their view,the idea that The German Ideology is regarded as a complete"work"is questionable.The German Ideology is considered as only a loose"Quarterly"arranged by Marx and Engels,which is not an integrated publication.The"Quarterly Theory"advocates that the compilation of The German Ideology manuscript should follow the principle of chronology rather than the logic principle that prevailed in the past.The promotion of the chronology principle deconstructed the integrity of the textual structure of The German Ideology,and the more radical scholars of"Quarterly Theory"even completely denied the existence of The German Ideology and its"Feuerbach Chapter".MEGA2 I/5’s treatment of the text structure of The German Ideology was regarded as a compromise:radical views were not adopted but the view of The German Ideology as a"quarterly"was retained.Other scholars questioned the logical integrity of The German Ideology.Japanese Marxism researchers paid attention to the difference between Marx and Engels in the writing of The German Ideology,and proposed a theory of"opposition between Marx and Engels"as based on"Engels Domination"and"Marx Domination".They believed that The German Ideology is the result of a struggle between two authors with different theoretical claims.Althusser put forward a"Fracture Theory"by defining an"epistemological fracture".He believed that there are"two Marxs"of"young"and"mature".The German Ideology is considered as the intermediate stage from"young Marx"to"mature Marx".Althusser’s view embodies two completely heterogeneous"general theo

关 键 词：《德意志意识形态》 完整性 MEGA2 “季刊说” “对立论” “断裂论” 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]