基于深度学习的人工智能技术在结直肠息肉性质鉴别中的应用  

Application of deep learning based artificial intelligence technology in identification of colorectal polyps

作　　者：朱兴旺 严俊 何英丽[5] 刘刚 李汛[1,2,3,4,5] Xing-Wang Zhu;Jun Yan;Ying-Li He;Gang Liu;Xun Li(The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy and Regenerative Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center of Lanzhou University School of Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Gansu Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Department of General Surgery,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Lanzhou University School of Information Science&Engineering,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [2]甘肃省生物治疗与再生医学重点实验室,甘肃省兰州市730000 [3]兰州大学医学院肿瘤防治中心,甘肃省兰州市730000 [4]甘肃省肝胆胰外科研究所,甘肃省兰州市730000 [5]兰州大学第一医院普外科,甘肃省兰州市730000 [6]兰州大学信息科学与工程学院,甘肃省兰州市730000

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2021年第20期1201-1206,共6页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

基　　金：甘肃省省级重点人才项目,甘组通字[2020]9号;甘肃省省级引导科技创新发展专项资金竞争性项目,甘财科[2018]32号.

摘　　要：结直肠癌是明确可以从结肠镜筛查中获益且最宜开展筛查的癌症,2017年中国结直肠癌新发病例约431951例,发病人数在28年间增长了203.5%.在结肠镜检查中对腺瘤性息肉等癌前病变早发现、早切除,可预防结直肠癌的发生,然而各种因素导致结肠镜检查过程中息肉的漏诊,使结直肠癌发生的风险增加.近年来随着人工智能技术(artificial intelligence,AI)在医学领域的应用,AI辅助结肠镜检查能增加息肉的检出率(adenoma detection rate,ADR),提高结肠镜检查的质量.本文主要就以卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)为架构的AI辅助系统在结肠镜检查中的的质量控制(automatic quality control system,AQCS)、肠道准备、结直肠息肉的诊断与分型以及AI在结肠镜领域未来面对的机遇与挑战等方面进行综述,希望能给临床工作提供一些参考.Colorectal cancer is a cancer type that is most suitable for screening since subjects at risk of this malignancy can clearly benefit from colonoscopy screening.In 2017,there were about 431951 new cases of colorectal cancer in China,with an increase of 203.5%in 28 years.Early detection and early removal of adenomatous polyps and other precancerous lesions during colonoscopy can prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer.However,various factors lead to missed diagnosis of polyps during colonoscopy,which increases the risk of colorectal cancer.In recent years,with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field,colonoscopy assisted by artificial intelligence can increase the detection rate of polyps and improve the quality of colonoscopy.This paper mainly reviews the quality control,bowel preparation,diagnosis and classification of colorectal polyps,and the future opportunities and challenges faced by convolutional neural network based artificial intelligence technology in the field of colonoscopy,hoping to provide some reference for clinical work.

关 键 词：人工智能 深度学习 结肠镜检查 结直肠息肉 腺瘤检出率 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]