芦丁对热应激奶牛生产性能的影响  

Effect of rutin on production performance of dairy cows under heat stress

作　　者：唐宇杰 卢浩诚 韩兆玉[1] 李惠侠[1] TANG Yujie;LU Haocheng;HAN Zhaoyu;LI Huixia(Herbivore Institute of Collage of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院/草食动物研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2021年第6期1144-1153,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省奶牛产业技术体系项目(JATS〔2020〕416);国家自然科学基金项目(32172725)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究芦丁对热应激下奶牛生产性能及机制的影响。[方法]选取生理情况相同的荷斯坦奶牛30头,随机分为3组,每组10头,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组在基础日粮中添加2 g芦丁,试验2组在基础日粮中添加3 g芦丁,饲养期为60 d,采血测定生理指标,采集奶样分析指标。体外培养奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMEC),对细胞进行热应激处理,试验组在基础培养基(DMEM/F12+10%胎牛血清)添加40μg·mL^(-1)芦丁,RT-qPCR测定乳脂、乳蛋白及乳糖相关基因mRNA表达水平,以评估芦丁对热应激奶牛生产性能的影响。[结果]与对照组相比,日粮添加芦丁饲喂40 d后试验组奶牛产奶量均显著升高(P<0.05);试验期第40天开始,试验组乳蛋白率与乳糖率均显著升高(P<0.05),乳脂率无显著差异(P>0.05),但试验组乳中脂质质量显著升高(P<0.05),乳中体细胞数均显著降低(P<0.05);体外试验中对奶牛BMEC进行热应激处理后,添加芦丁显著提高BMEC乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因(ACC)、脂肪酸合成酶基因(FASN)、二酰甘油酰基转移酶2基因(DGAT2)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白1基因(SREBP1)、酪蛋白αs1基因(CSN1S1)、酪蛋白β基因(CSN2)及葡萄糖转运蛋白1基因(GLUT1)mRNA的相对表达水平(P<0.05)。[结论]芦丁可通过提高乳脂、乳蛋白及乳糖相关基因mRNA表达水平来提高乳品质和奶牛产奶性能,是一种优秀的植源性饲料添加剂。[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rutin on the production performance and mechanism of dairy cows under heat stress.[Methods]Thirty Holstein cows with same physiological conditions were selected and randomly divided into three groups with 10 cows in each group.The control group was fed with basal diet while the experimental group 1 was fed with basal diet+2 g rutin and the experimental group 2 was fed with basal diet+3 g rutin.The feeding period was 60 days.The related physiological indices were measured,along with milk collected for index analysis.Bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC)were cultured in vitro.After heat stress treatment,40μg·mL^(-1) rutin was added into the basic medium(DMEM/F12+10%fetal bovine serum)in the experimental group.The mRNA expression levels of lipid synthesis related genes were detected by RT-qPCR to evaluate the effect of rutin on cells.[Results]Compared with the control group,the milk yield of the experimental groups increased significantly after feeding 40 days(P<0.05);the milk protein rate and lactose rate of the experimental groups increased significantly(P<0.05),while the milk fat rate had no significant difference(P>0.05),but the lipid weight of the experimental groups significantly increased(P<0.05),and the number of somatic cells in the milk significantly decreased(P<0.05).After heat stress treatment in vitro,the addition of rutin significantly increased the relative mRNA expression level of related genes,such as acetyl CoA carboxylase gene(ACC),fatty acid synthase(FASN),diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 gene(DGAT2),sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 gene(SREBP1),casein alpha s1 gene(CSN1S1),casein beta gene(CSN2)and glucose transporter 1 gene(GLUT1)(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Rutin is an excellent plant-derived feed additive,which can improve the milk quality and milk production performance of dairy cows by increasing the expression level of genes related to milk fat,milk protein and lactose synthesis.

关 键 词：芦丁 奶牛 热应激 生产性能 乳品质 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]