557例高血压脑出血流行病学特征及临床诊疗分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Analysis of 557 Cases of Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage

作　　者：侯尚妍 黄渝茹 杨高明 陈思瑾 樊朝凤[4] 段丽娟[4] 刘原媛 HOU Shangyan;HUANG Yuru;YANG Gaoming;CHEN Sijin;FAN Chaofeng;DUAN Lijuan;LIU Yuanyuan(School of Physical Education and Health Care,Chengdu College of Arts and Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610401,China;Department of Respiration,the Third People's Hospital of Yibin,Yibin Sichuan 644000,China;Department of Neurology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]成都文理学院体育与医护学院,四川成都610401 [2]宜宾市第三人民医院呼吸内科,四川宜宾644000 [3]成都医学院第二附属医院神经内科,四川成都610000 [4]四川大学华西医院/华西护理学院神经外科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2021年第32期154-158,共5页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：四川省卫生健康委员会科研课题(19PJ085)。

摘　　要：目的探讨高血压脑出血患者的流行病学特征及临床诊疗过程。方法对四川大学华西医院自2018年1月—2019年7月收治的557例高血压脑出血的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其流行病学及临床特点,为治疗方案个性化选择提供依据。结果557例高血压脑出血患者中男性389例(69.8%)、女性168例(30.2%);发病年龄在50~70岁最为多见(占43.6%);出血部位以基底节区最多,占31.4%;脑叶、脑干和丘脑出血发生率分别为18.3%、15.3%和14.5%。结论高血压脑出血的发病与性别、年龄等因素有关,脑出血患者病情变化快、死亡率高、经济负担重、预后较不佳,患者住院期间医务人员应加强病情的观察及巡视,出院后给予科学合理的延续性医疗服务,做好健康指导及康复督导。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and clinical diagnosis and treatment process of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data of 557 cases of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2018 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed,and the epidemiological and clinical characteristics were summarized.It is a personalized choice for treatment options.Results Of the 557 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage,389 were male(69.8%)and 168 were female(30.2%),age of onset is most common between 50 and 70 years old(43.6%),the basal ganglia area was the most common bleeding site,accounting for 31.4%;the incidences of cerebral lobe,brainstem,and thalamic bleeding were 18.3%,15.3%,and 14.5%.Conclusion The incidence of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is related to factors such as gender and age.Patients with cerebral hemorrhage change rapidly,have a high mortality rate,have a heavy economic burden,and have a poor prognosis.During the patient's hospitalization,medical staff should strengthen the observation and inspection of the condition,provide scientific and reasonable continuous medical services after discharge from the hospital,and do a good job of health guidance and rehabilitation supervision.

关 键 词：高血压脑出血 流行病学 临床特点 对策 回顾性 分析 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]