microRNA在肝细胞肝癌中的诊断及治疗研究进展  

Research Progress of microRNA in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

作　　者：姚平[1] 阮萍[1] 林国彪[2] YAO Ping;RUAN Ping;LIN Guobiao(Department of Pathology,Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanning Guangxi 530011,China;Department of Pharmacology,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning Guangxi 530011,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院病理科,广西南宁530011 [2]广西中医药大学药理教研室,广西南宁530011

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2021年第32期195-198,共4页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17202031)。

摘　　要：近年来,肝癌的发病率逐渐呈现递增趋势,且成为病死率相对较高的一种恶性肿瘤疾病,大多数患者在确诊时已处于中晚期,从而错过最佳的治疗时机。通过采用手术、放疗及化疗等方法能够在一定情况下延长患者生存期,但仍然存在术后复发、耐药以及远期疗效较差等问题。microRNA(miRNA)是长度为18~25个核苷酸的一类内源性非编码的单链RNA,大多情况下能够在逆转录后对基因表达情况进行水平调控。miRNA能够通过控制或者降解mRNA对众多基因表达情况进行翻译调控,并在组织器官发育、胚胎发生、细胞生长、分化与凋亡以及疾病发生发展中具有至关重要的作用。此外,miRNA在肝癌中也发挥着重要功能,主要通过抑制基因以及靶向致癌基因在癌症的进展及转移过程中进行有效参与。miRNA同时还具有普遍性及特殊性等特征,通过对miRNA在肝细胞肝癌组织中的表达、诊断与治疗中的作用进行探讨,从而为防治肝癌的复发及转移提供新的治疗靶点。In recent years,the incidence of liver cancer has gradually shown an increasing trend,and has become a malignant tumor disease with a relatively high case fatality rate.Most patients are in the middle and late stages at the time of diagnosis,thus missing the best opportunity for treatment.The use of surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy can prolong the survival of patients under certain circumstances,but there are still problems such as postoperative relapse,drug resistance and poor long-term efficacy.MicroRNA(miRNA)is a type of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA with a length of 18~25 nucleotides.In most cases,it can regulate the level of gene expression after reverse transcription.miRNA can control the translation of many gene expressions by controlling or degrading mRNA,and plays a vital role in the development of tissues and organs,embryogenesis,cell growth,differentiation and apoptosis,and disease development.In addition,miRNAs also play an important role in liver cancer,mainly through suppressor genes and targeted oncogenes to participate effectively in the progression and metastasis of cancer.miRNA also has the characteristics of universality and particularity.By exploring the role of miRNA in the expression,diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma,it provides a new therapeutic target for the prevention and recurrence of liver cancer.

关 键 词：MICRORNA 肝细胞 肝癌组织 表达 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R361[医药卫生—病理学]