观赏植物花色与授粉昆虫相互适应关系的研究进展  

Advances in the Mutualistic and Antagonistic Interactions Between Flower Colors and the Pollinators of Ornamental Plants

作　　者：曾拓 李伽文 周黎 李进进 史安琪 付瀚森 罗靖 郑日如[1] 王媛媛[1] 王彩云[1] ZENG Tuo;LI Jiawen;ZHOU Li;LI Jinjin;SHI Anqi;FU Hansen;LUO Jing;ZHENG Riru;WANG Yuanyuan;WANG Caiyun(Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants,Ministry of Education,Huazhong Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,农业农村部华中都市农业重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《园艺学报》2021年第10期2001-2017,共17页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001500);中央高校基础研究基金项目(2662019FW016);国家自然科学基金项目(32160718)。

摘　　要：观赏植物花色的多样性缘于与传粉者相互适应的生殖系统多样性,与传粉系统的进化紧密相连。人类以自身生产或审美为目标,对作物进行驯化、种植、人工授粉以及使用化学杀虫剂等导致农业区域、城市绿地与花园环境中昆虫传粉者的栖息地丧失、食物链断裂,传粉昆虫数量急剧减少,因此,植物花色与授粉昆虫的相互适应机制引起人们越来越广泛的关注。本文从授粉昆虫对花色感知、花器官表皮结构与呈色模式、昆虫对花色的地域性与多态性的影响、花色变化对授粉昆虫的吸引以及花卉的色彩模仿和欺骗等方面进行了综述,对花色与昆虫的相互适应关系进行了简要总结,并对花卉育种、乡村农田野花带以及城市花园营建中如何根据植物花色科学吸引授粉昆虫、提高观赏植物繁育效率和培育更多色彩丰富的花卉等提出了建议。The variety of ornamental flower colors are due to the diversity of reproductive systems that co-evolved with pollinators,and tightly connected to the evolution of the pollination systems.For human production or aesthetic,plants domestication,cultivation,hand-pollination,and the abuse of chemical insecticides have led to insect pollinators habitat loss and food chain disruption,and the population of insect pollinators decline in agricultural areas,urban green areas and gardens.Therefore,people have begun to pay more attentions to the mechanisms of the adaptation between flower colors and pollinators.In this review,insect perception with flower color,flower epidermal structure and color pattern,flower color polymorphism and regionality driven by insect pollinators,flower color changer and its pollinator attract,imitation and deception of flowers were reviewed.Finally,we briefly summarized the research on the mutualistic and antagonistic interactions of flower color and the insect pollinators,and put the suggestions on how to scientific attract pollinators base on flower color on the construction of wildflower strips and urban garden,improve the breeding efficiency of ornamental plants and cultivating more colorful flowers.

关 键 词：花卉 花色 授粉 虫媒 相互适应 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]