大气颗粒物重金属形态分析  

Heavy Metal Speciation Analysis and Distribution Characteristics in Atmospheric Particulate Matters

作　　者：何安恩 解姣姣 苑春刚[1] Anen He;Jiaojiao Xie;Chungang Yuan(Department of Environmental Science&Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071000,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学环境科学与工程系,保定071000 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《化学进展》2021年第9期1627-1647,共21页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.91543107);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(No.2017ZZD07)资助。

摘　　要：重金属作为大气颗粒物中重要有毒组分之一,其总量和存在形态与颗粒物重金属的健康风险密切相关。因此,颗粒物重金属形态分析对深入研究大气污染健康效应具有非常重要的意义。本文从以下四个方面对近年来国内外相关研究进行了归纳总结:(1)模拟体液、BCR、Tessier、Chester等逐级顺序提取方法被广泛用于重金属操作定义形态分析;(2)色谱⁃质谱联用技术和新型功能化材料用于重金属形态选择分析以及X射线吸收精细结构谱(XAFS)原位形态表征技术可以获取重金属价态、化合态、原子簇结构信息;(3)重金属形态粒径分布特征复杂,受多种因素影响,倾向于富集在细颗粒物中;(4)重金属形态时空分布具有很强的区域性,社会发展、工业来源、气候条件是主要影响因素,夏冬季节和雾霾天气危害性较大。Heavy metals(HMs),as one of the important toxic components in atmospheric particulate matters(PMs),are closely related to human health.The health risk of HMs in particulate matters highly depends on their species and bioavailability.Heavy metal speciation analysis in PMs is significant for the study of air pollution environmental health.Based on related researches in recent years,this paper summarizes and discusses about HMs species in atmospheric particulate matters from four key aspects:(1)Synthetic body fluids and sequential extraction procedures(such as BCR,Tessier’s,Chester)have been widely used to extract operationally⁃defined species of HMs;(2)Chromatography⁃mass spectrometry technology and new functional materials have been applied for specific⁃selective analysis,and in⁃situ speciation and atomic cluster structures of HMs can be characterized by XAFS(X⁃ray absorption fine structure);(3)Particle size distribution of HMs species in PMs is complicated,which is affected by many factors and tends to be concentrated in fine particles;(4)Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of HMs in PMs are highly regional.Social development,industrial,and climate are the main factors.Health risks at summer and hazy days are relatively higher.

关 键 词：颗粒物 重金属 形态分析 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]