嘉舜文的历史:来自拉布喇抄本的证据  

The History of Garshuni as a Writing System:Evidence from the Rabbula Codex

作　　者： 李卫峰(译)[2,3] Alessandro Mengozzi

机构地区：[1]意大利都灵大学人文学系 [2]上海外国语大学东方语学院文献中心 [3]上海世界语协会

出　　处：《新丝路学刊》2021年第2期68-81,共14页Journal of New Silk Road Studies

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金教育学国家重点项目“‘一带一路’沿线关键土著语言文化通识课程体系建设研究”(项目号:AFA180013)资助。

摘　　要：嘉舜文主要是指用叙利亚字母书写的阿拉伯语的文本,这种一语多文现象非常值得研究。叙利亚语曾经是中东地区的通用语,直到7世纪之后其地位才被阿拉伯语逐渐代替。拉布喇抄本是指5世纪伊德萨主教拉布喇所翻译的叙利亚语圣经抄本。阿拉伯人征服沙姆(即大叙利亚地区)后,部分保持基督教信仰的原先说叙利亚语的社群,开始改说阿拉伯语,并使用叙利亚字母来书写阿拉伯语。这一现象出现于10世纪,消失于15世纪。本文探讨了嘉舜文诞生的历史及文化背景,以及文字学特点,并着重详细介绍了拉布喇抄本上的嘉舜文注释———这一目前已知最早的嘉舜文文本,将嘉舜文的特点及该文本的历史背景清晰地呈现在读者面前。作者将该文本内容翻译为英文和拉丁文。译者在保留两种译文的基础上,将嘉舜文同时展示出来,以加深中国研究者对嘉舜文的认知和了解。Garshuni mainly refers to the Arabic text written in Syriac alphabet,which is worth studying.Syriac used to be the lingua franca of the Middle East until it was gradually replaced by Arabic after the Islamic conquest of this region in the 7th century.The Rabbula codex refers to the Syriac bible translated by Rabbula,bishop of Edessa,in the 5th century.Some of the former Syriac-speaking communities that maintained their Christian faith switched to Arabic in their daily life and began to use the Syriac alphabet to write Arabic.This phenomenon first appeared in the 10th century and disappeared in the 15th century.This paper discusses the historical and cultural background of the birth of Garshuni as well as its grammatological characteristics.And it also focuses on an annotation of Garshuni in a Rabbula codex text,one of the earliest detected Garshuni text,clearly presenting its details and historical background to the readers.The author translated the text into both English and Latin.The translator keeps those two translations,so that Chinese researchers can understand the correspondence between the two writing systems more easily.

关 键 词：嘉舜文 阿拉伯语 拉布喇抄本 马龙派 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]