淹水胁迫对星花玉兰木质部水分运输的影响  

Effects of flooding stress on water transport in xylem of Yulania stellata

作　　者：杜习武 叶康 胡永红[2,3] 邵文 陈奕飞[1] 廖梓洋 曾丽 秦俊[2,3] DU Xiwu;YE Kang;HU Yonghong;SHAO Wen;CHEN Yifei;LIAO Ziyang;ZENG Li;QIN Jun(School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Urban Tree Ecology and Applications,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]上海辰山植物园,上海201602 [3]上海城市树木生态应用工程技术研究中心,上海200020

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2021年第10期1963-1973,共11页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：上海市农委科技兴农项目[沪农科创字(2019)第1-8号];上海市绿化和市容管理局科技项目(G182421、G192401);上海市科委科技创新行动计划(19DZ1203500和19DZ1203501)。

摘　　要：本研究以耐涝性不同的星花玉兰、‘皮鲁埃特’玉兰和‘朱迪’玉兰为材料,通过双套盆法模拟淹水处理,研究淹水胁迫对其木质部水分运输的影响。结果表明:3个品种均为散孔材树种,导管较小,输水阻力较大;导管类型为进化的梯纹导管和孔纹导管,孔纹导管占比为68%~82%,导管穿孔板为梯状穿孔板和单穿孔板并存;纹孔类型为具缘纹孔,均呈椭圆型。淹水胁迫下各品种水分运输均受到显著影响,水力结构参数均显著降低,栓塞程度增加,水分运输安全性均减弱。耐涝性强的‘皮鲁埃特’玉兰,其水力结构参数受涝害影响小,导水率、比导率和导水损失率变化幅度小,水分运输有效性更强,纹孔径向运输能力强。枝条导水率与单孔率和导管聚合度显著相关,导水损失率与管孔平均面积显著相关,其他导管和纹孔数量特征与水力结构参数无相关性。This research used Yulania stellata, ‘(Mag’s) Piroutte’ and ‘Judy’ with different waterlogging resistance as materials. The experiment simulated flooding treatment by double-pot method to study the effect of flooding stress on water transport in xylem. The results showed that these cultivars were all diffuse porous,and have smaller vessels and higher water conveyance resistance. The types of vessels were evolved pitted vessels and scalariform vessels, with pitted vessels accounting for 68%–82%. The type of vessel perforated plate was scalariform perforated plate and simple perforated plate. The pits were over-shape marginal and elliptic. Under flooding stress, the water transport of each cultivar was significantly affected. The hydraulic architecture parameters were significantly reduced, the degree of embolism increased and the safety of water transportation was weakened. ‘(Mag’s) Piroutte’ had strong waterlogging tolerance. It had little impact on hydraulic architecture parameters from waterlogging damage, small changes in Kh, Ks, and PLC, stronger water transport effectiveness and radial transport capacity in the pit. The Kh was significantly related to the solitary pore ratio and vessel cluster size, the PLC was significantly correlated with the pore area, and the number characteristics of other vessel and pits had no correlation with the hydraulic architecture parameters.

关 键 词：星花玉兰 淹水胁迫 水力结构参数 导管特征 纹孔特征 

分 类 号：S685.15[农业科学—观赏园艺]