种植管理措施对皖南烟区烤烟生长和产质量的影响  

Effect of Planting Management Practices on Growth,Yield,and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Southern Anhui Province

作　　者：张国[1] 颜鸿祥 李文保[1] 王川[1] 程廷明 朱启法 闫宁[2] 于祥全 申国明[2] 张忠锋[2] 徐海清 ZHANG Guo(Anhui Wannan Leaf Tobacco Co.LTD,Xuancheng 242000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司,安徽宣城242000 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2021年第21期60-64,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司安徽省公司科技重点项目“烟叶生产方式转型升级研究与推广”(20190551003)。

摘　　要：为明确种植管理措施对皖南烟区烤烟生长和产质量的影响,确定适宜的种植配套组合。设置不同烤烟种植密度、留叶数和采收次数配套处理并与“打叶方式”(上下双打或仅打上部)进行耦合试验,对不同处理的农艺性状、经济性状、外观质量、化学指标和感官品质进行综合考量。结果表明:50cm×130cm株行距种植密度可以促进单株烤烟的生长发育,但不利于提升烟叶整体的产量和产值;35cm×120cm的株行距作为皖南烤烟的栽培密度,配合双打的打叶方式,可以有效增加烟叶的产量,而配合打顶弃采的打叶方式,可以提升烟叶的外观质量和化学成分配比的适宜性;27cm×120cm株行距虽然不利于烤烟养分的吸收,但通过控制留叶数,使烟叶的养分供应得到保证,确保中部烤烟感官品质和产量的稳定。针对皖南烟区,采用35cm×120cm的株行距、留叶数控制在10片、两次采收(4-6)、双打的“打叶方式”的组合最适宜烤烟产质量的提升。In this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of planting management practices on the growth,yield,and quality of flue-cured tobacco in southern Anhui Province,and to determine the appropriate planting combina⁃tions.The assessment of different planting densities,number of reserved leaves,and number of harvests of flue cured tobacco were coupled with the"leaf threshing method"(threshing upper-and lower-part of leaves or thresh⁃ing upper-part of leaves alone)to evaluate the agronomic traits,economic traits,quality of physical appearance,chemical indicators,and sensory quality under different treatments.The planting density of 50×130 cm for each plant promoted the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco;however,it was not conducive to improving the overall yield and production value of tobacco.The planting density of 35×120 cm for each plant combined with up⁃per-and lower-part leaf threshing increased the yield of flue-cured tobacco in southern Anhui Province;however,combining it with the upper-part leaf threshing alone improved the overall appearance quality and chemical composi⁃tion ratio of tobacco.The 27×120 cm spacing was not conducive to improve the nutrient uptake,but through control⁃ling the number of reserved leaves,the supply of nutrients to the leaves was assured,thereby confirming the stability of sensory quality and yield of the middle-part leaves.In the southern Anhui Province,the combination of 35×120 cm spacing,10 reserved leaves,two harvests(4-6),and upper-and lower-part leaf threshing is most conducive to improve the quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco.

关 键 词：种植密度 留叶数 采收次数 打叶方式 耦合试验 产质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]