生物载体内孔径对生物膜微型动物多样性与稳定性影响  

Effect of inner-pore diameter of bio-carrier on community diversity and stability of microfauna in biofilm

作　　者：胡小兵[1,2] 王振振 林睿 沈翼军[1,2] 钟梅英[1] 李晶晶 陈红伟 周佳颖 HU Xiao-bing;WANG Zhen-zhen;LIN Rui;SHEN Yi-jun;ZHONG Mei-ying;LI Jing-jing;CHEN Hong-wei;ZHOU Jia-ying(College of Architectural Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243002,China;Engineering Research Center of Water Purification and Utilization Technology based on Biofilm Process,Ministry of Education,Ma'anshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002 [2]生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第11期5292-5302,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心项目(BRT19-02);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202004h07020027)。

摘　　要：为了给废水处理生产中最佳孔径的生物载体选型提供依据,本研究系统考察聚氨酯海绵生物载体5种孔径(0.6~4mm)大小对生物膜微型动物群落多样性以及稳定性的影响.结果表明:鞭毛虫、肉足虫等是运行前期与中期的优势种属,游泳型与固着型纤毛虫、轮虫是后期的优势种属.不同孔径载体在不同时期,微型动物多样性、稳定性等参数变化具有明显差异.小孔径(0.6mm)载体微型动物仅在运行中期内表现出较高多样性,中小孔径(1mm)载体多样性总体偏低,中大孔径(3mm)和大孔径(4mm)载体微型动物多样性波动剧烈.小孔径、中小孔径载体内微型动物稳定性好,中大孔径载体稳定性波动大,而大孔径载体最不稳定.中等孔径(2mm)载体内微型动物群落物种丰富度、均匀度高,多样性高且稳定(后期H=2.12、R=1.19、λ=0.16),其微型动物群落最为稳定(后期WH=0.13),且表现出较好的废水处理效果,中等孔径是理想的生物载体内部孔径大小.在生物膜系统中,微型动物多样性稳定指数WH可作为废水中CODcr去除效果的指标参数.In order to provide the basis for the selection of biological carrier with the best pore size in wastewater treatment production,polyurethane sponges with five kinds of inner-pore diameter(0.6~4.0 mm)were used as the biological carriers in this study.The effects of the inner-pore diameter on the species diversity and stability of microfauna were systematically investigated.The results showed that flagellates,sarcodina etc.,were the dominant species in the intial and middle periods of reactor operation.Whereas,the swimming and sessile ciliates and rotifers mainly occurred in the later stage.Diversity,stability and other parameters of microfauna in different carrier pore sizes exhibited significantly divergence at three distinct periods.The microfauna in the carrier with small pore size(0.6 mm)showed high diversity only during the middle period of reactor operation,while the diversity of microfauna in the carriers of 1.0 mm diameter was generally lower.However,the diversity of microfauna in the carriers with larger(3.0 mm)and big pore size(4.0 mm)fluctuated dramatically during the whole process.The stability of microfauna in the carriers with small(0.6 mm)and small-moderate pore size(1.0 mm)were superior to the carriers with larger pore in the middle and later periods of reactor operation,but worse in the intial periods of reactor operation.Notably,the stability of big pore bio-carrier(4.0 mm)was the most undesirable throughout the reactor process.Compared to other size of bio-carriers,the microfauna community in the bio-carrier with moderate pore(2.0 mm)possessed higher species richness and uniformity,resulting in a high and stable diversity(H=2.12,R=1.19,λ=0.16 in the later period).In addition,microfauna community on the moderate-pore bio-carrier emerged the strongest stability(WH=0.13 in later period)with an excellent efficiency of wastewater treatment.In the biofilm system,the stability index WH can be used as the index parameter of CODcr removal efficiency.

关 键 词：内孔径 微型动物 群落 多样性 稳定性 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]