空气污染、排污权交易与区域环境质量提高  

Air Pollution,Emission Trading and Improvement of Regional Environmental Quality

作　　者：董平 杨艳琳[2] DONG Ping;YANG YanLin

机构地区：[1]美国科罗拉多州立大学,科罗拉多州 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期101-109,190,191,共11页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金研究项目“建立健全政府、企业、公众共治的环境治理体系研究”(18BJY092)。

摘　　要：21世纪初,中国开始探索SO_(2)排放权交易政策在中国的可行性,并逐步在不同省市开展了试点工作。基于2000-2016年的省级样本,选取各省(市)被批准为国家SO_(2)排放权交易试点地区的确切时间作为政策干预时间点,采用多期DID和PSM-DID方法对SO_(2)排放权交易试点政策的减排效果进行评估。研究发现:第一,SO_(2)排放权交易试点政策显著降低了试点地区的工业SO_(2)排放强度,提高了区域大气环境质量,且该结论稳健可靠;第二,SO_(2)排放权交易制度通过污染末端治理与生产前端管控这两种污染治理方式实现了减排,且这些作用途径对SO_(2)这一污染物具有极强的针对性;第三,若试点地区的政府环境治理意愿越强,但政府实际环境治理力度越弱,则SO_(2)排放权交易制度能发挥出更大的减排效应,同时高度市场化地区的大气质量改善效果更为明显。提出应加强排污权交易制度的针对性、指向性和引导性,各试点地区因地制宜,充分发挥出市场型环境规制工具的减排潜力。At the beginning of the 21st century,China’s central government began to explore the feasibility of SO_(2) emission trading policy in China,and gradually carried out SO_(2) emission trading policy pilot in different provinces and cities.Based on the provincial samples from 2000 to 2016,this paper selects the exact time when each province(city)is approved as the national SO_(2) emission trading pilot unit as the policy intervention time point and evaluates the emission reduction effect of SO_(2) emission trading policy using the Time-varying DID and PSM-DID method.There are three results shown below:First and foremost,the SO_(2) emission trading policy has significantly reduced the industrial SO_(2) emission intensity in the pilot area,and improved regional environmental quality,and the conclusion is stable and reliable.Besides,the SO_(2) emission trading policy achieved emission reduction effect through two pollution control methods,which are the pollution end treatment and production front-end control,and these action paths have strong pertinence to SO_(2).Last but not least,if the government’s willingness to environmental governance in the pilot areas is stronger,but the actual intensity of environmental governance is weaker,the SO_(2) emission trading system can play a greater role in reducing emissions,and the improvement of air quality in highly market-oriented areas is more obvious.Therefore,this paper argues that the pertinence,directivity and guidance of emission trading system should be strengthened,and the pilot areas should adjust measures according to local conditions to give full play to the emission reduction potential of market-oriented environmental regulation tools.

关 键 词：排污权交易政策 二氧化硫排放强度 区域大气环境质量 多期DID PSM-DID 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]