4个鲜食核桃品种耐贮藏性比较及核磁共振研究  

Comparison of fresh storage endurance and nuclear magnetic resonance study in four walnut varieties

作　　者：唐燕[1,2] 陈思佚[3] 周自云 吴翠云[2] 马惠玲[1] 杜光源[3] TANG Yan;CHEN Siyi;ZHOU Ziyun;WU Cuiyun;MA Huiling;DU Guangyuan(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;College of Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第11期1975-1983,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：陕西省科技厅特色产业链项目(2019TSLSF02-02);新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室开放课题项目(BRZD1905)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究新疆主栽核桃品种的鲜食贮藏潜力及核磁共振(NMR)技术检测核桃品质的可行性。【方法】以新疆的核桃品种温185、新新2号、扎343和陕西的耐贮品种西扶1号为材料,研究了低温(0±0.5℃)贮藏过程中及核仁水量、含油量、酸价、青皮褐变指数及NMR弛豫谱特征的变化,并对核桃果实进行了核磁共振成像。【结果】核桃的品质随贮藏期的延长而下降,体现在贮藏末期含油量的显著下降(p<0.05)和酸价及褐变指数的显著上升(p<0.05)。核桃仁的T2弛豫谱特征呈现一小一大的双峰曲线,小峰为水峰而大峰为油峰。相关性分析表明,含水量与水峰面积、含油量与油峰面积呈极显著相关性(p<0.01)。核磁共振成像(MRI)能很好地区分核桃的组织结构,还能观察青皮皱缩及褐变变化。【结论】4个核桃品种的耐贮性:西扶1号>新新2号、扎343>温185,核磁共振T2弛豫谱的变化可以表征鲜核桃仁中的水和油脂组分的变化,NMR法可以表征核桃品质。【Objective】Walnut(Juglans regia L.)is an important economic and oil crop.Its kernel is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,proteins,carbohydrates and omega-3 fats.It also contains higher amounts of antioxidants(such as carotene,vitamin E and so on)than most other foods.Since the fresh walnut has higher water content in general,the quality is prone to deterioration during storage.But low temperature can effectively prolong storage life.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)is a rapid,accurate and non-invasive technology and widely used to detect the quality of food,particularly for fruits and vegetables,meat and aquatic products.The magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technique is a powerful tool that allows non-destructive visualization of the dynamic changes of the interior structural information of plants.At present,there is no report on the storage quality of fresh walnuts by NMR and also no report about storage life on 3 good varieties of Xinjiang Autonomous Region at low temperature(0±0.5℃).This study aims to prove that NMR technology can be used to detect the quality of fresh walnuts and determine how long 4 walnut varieties can be stored at 0℃【.Methods】In this experiment,fresh walnuts of Wen 185,Xinxin 2,Za 343 from Xinjiang and Xifu 1 from Shanxi were selected as the research samples.The changes in water content,oil content,acid value and T2 relaxation spectrum of walnut kernels under low temperature storage conditions,as well as browning and MRI T1-weighted imaging of green walnut fruits were studied.Green husk browning was evaluated by measuring the total browned area on the surface of the green husk according to the following 5 classes:0=no browning;1=0 to 20%browning;2=20%to 40%browning;3=40%to 60%browning;4=60%to 80%browning;5=80%to 100%browning.Ten fruits were sampled from 3 replicate at 10 d intervals until the end of storage for browning index.The oil content was determined with the Soxhlet extractor method.Noninvasive monitoring was conducted using a 23 MHz(0.5 T)permanent magnet MRI scanner(Min

关 键 词：鲜食核桃 低场核磁共振技术 T_(2)弛豫谱 含水量 含油量 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]