基于《伤寒论》的康守义腹诊经验探析  

Exploration and analysis of Kang Shouyi’s abdominal diagnosis experience based on Shanghan Lun

作　　者：李盼飞 王艳 谭天阳 苏庆民[5] LI Panfei;WANG Yan;TAN Tianyang;SU Qingmin(University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing100049,China;the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing100190,China;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing100029,China;College of Acupuncture and Massage,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing100029,China;Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Research Center,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [2]中国科学院自然科学史研究所,北京100190 [3]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [4]北京中医药大学针灸推拿学院,北京100029 [5]中国中医科学院中医药发展研究中心,北京100700

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2021年第29期126-130,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(14BZS105)。

摘　　要：学者们普遍承认《伤寒论》在中医腹诊史上的重要地位,但如今应用《伤寒论》腹诊的医家仍不多见。三部六病流派创始人刘绍武先生入室弟子康守义老师意识到了《伤寒论》腹诊的诊疗价值,经过多年实践,对《伤寒论》中的腹诊形成了较为系统的认识。本文将从腹诊手法、腹诊准备、腹部观察、按揉、深按五部分全面总结和探析康守义老师的腹诊理论、方法和应用。重点总结和阐述了上腹部的胸胁苦满、痞硬、硬痛,中腹部的腹主动脉搏动亢进、水泛波、压痛,下腹部的少腹急结等腹诊特征。并指出腹动亢进、胸胁苦满、水泛波分别是桂枝剂、柴胡剂、苓桂剂的应用指征等临床要点。这些内容属于中医腹诊及《伤寒论》研究的新成果。Scholars generally recognize the important position of Shanghan Lun in the history of abdominal diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine,but there are still few doctors who apply Shanghan Lun in abdominal diagnosis nowadays.Doctor Kang Shouyi,the disciple of Mr.Liu Shaowu,the founder of the Three Departments and Six Diseases school,realizes the diagnostic and treatment value of abdominal diagnosis in Shanghan Lun.After years of practice,doctor Kang Shouyi formed a systematic understanding of abdominal diagnosis in Shanghan Lun.This article will comprehensively summarize and analyze the theory,method and application of doctor Kang Shouyi’s abdominal diagnosis from five parts:abdominal diagnosis technique,abdominal diagnosis preparation,abdominal observation,pressing and kneading,and deep pressing.It focuses on summarizing and explaining some of the abdominal diagnosis features,such as fullness and discomfort in chest and hypochondrium,hard distention,and hard pain in the upper abdomen,hyperpulsation of the abdominal aorta,vibration water sound,abdominal tenderness in the middle abdomen,and hypogastric pain in the lower abdomen.It also points out that the hyperpulsation of the abdominal aorta,fullness and discomfort in chest and hypochondrium,vibration water sound are indications for the application of Guizhi Prescriptions,Chaihu Prescriptions,and Lingui Prescriptions.These contents belong to the new results of the research of abdominal diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine and Shanghan Lun.

关 键 词：腹诊 《伤寒论》 三部六病 胸胁苦满 腹主动脉搏动亢进 康守义 

分 类 号：R222[医药卫生—中医基础理论]