日本国生神话中“女人先言不良”观念新解  

A New Explanation of“It’s not good for a woman to speak first”in Japanese kuniumi sinwa

作　　者：占才成[1] Zhan Caicheng(School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2021年第5期127-138,共12页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“日本神话与中国古代文学关系研究”(17CWW004)。

摘　　要：日本国生神话中"女人先言不良"观念历来被学界认为是中国儒家"夫唱妇随""男尊女卑"思想影响的结果。然而,仔细分析可知其疑点颇多,应重新讨论。回归到日本上古社会,并结合《周易》及其注释书阐释的古代婚姻"男下女"仪礼,可以得出:日本国生神话中的"女人先言不良"并非只是"夫唱妇随""男尊女卑"思想影响的结果,该观点与日本上古社会现实不吻合,也可能是《周易》"男下女"婚姻仪礼及占卜之术影响的结果。对日本国生神话中"女人先言不良"的重新解读,可为我们探索日本上古时代婚嫁习俗、讨论中日文学文化的交流与影响关系,提供一个新的研究视角和方向。The concept,"It’s not good for a woman to speak first,"in Japanese kuniumi sinwa has always been considered by scholars to be the result of the influence from the Chinese Confucian thoughts,"A wife is her husband’s echo"and"man is superior to woman".However,more careful analysis may discover that many doubts still exist and should be discussed again.If we back at the ancient Japanese society and re-examine the ancient marriage rituals of"the man humbly woos under the woman"defined in I Ching,we can conclude that the concept,"It’s not good for a woman to speak first,"in Japanese kuniumi sinwa is not merely the result of the influence from the ideas,"A wife is her husband’s echo"and"man is superior to woman"because they are not consistent with the reality of ancient Japanese society.It may also be the result of the influence from the marriage ritual,"The man humbly woos under the woman,"and divination in I Ching.A re-interpretation of this concept in Japanese kuniumi sinwa can offer us a new research perspective and direction in exploring the customs of marriage in ancient Japan and discussing the exchange and mutual influence between Chinese and Japanese literature and culture.

关 键 词：记纪文学 国生神话 “女人先言不良” 《周易》 “男下女” 

分 类 号：I313.077[文学—其他各国文学] B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]