香菇液体和固体菌种在栽培料中胞外酶活性分析  

Analysis of Extracellular Enzymes Activity of Liquid and Solid Strains of Lentinus edodes in Different Media

作　　者：徐秀红 陈阿敏 裴芸[2] 吴琳珺 文玉 张万萍[2] Xu Xiuhong;Chen Amin;Pei Yun;Wu Linjun;Wen Yu;Zhang Wanping(The Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality of Guizhou Province,College of Tobacco Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院,贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第20期6933-6941,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2019]3005-2);贵州省科技厅农业领域支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2451-4号,黔科合支撑[2018]2323号)共同资助。

摘　　要：胞外酶在细胞内产生,分泌到细胞外,对食用菌栽培料中的大分子物质进行分解,提供食用菌生长发育所需营养物质。本试验采用了两个栽培料配方(常规配方:木屑78%,麸皮20%,石灰1%,石膏1%,基质含水量60%;处理配方:木屑71%,玉米芯碎屑8%,麸皮18%,玉米粉0.5%,石灰0.5%,石膏1%,碳酸钙0.5%,豆粕0.5%,基质含水量53%),制作香菇菌株T2液体及固体菌种的菌棒,研究香菇T2液体及固体菌种在菌丝生长时期、子实体发育时期的胞外酶系对不同配方栽培料的分解利用情况,以及胞外酶在香菇生长发育过程中的变化规律。结果表明,羧甲基纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性随生育期延长出现两次升高和降低,其中菇蕾期和盛菇期酶活性最高;漆酶活性呈现逐渐降低的变化规律;多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性皆表现为先升高后降低的变化趋势。两个栽培料配方6种酶的活性变化趋势基本一致,但是酶活性大小存在一定差异。其次,通过分析对比6种胞外酶的活性可以看出处理配方胞外酶活性优于常规配方,表现出更强的对大分子物质的分解能力,表明栽培料中添加适量玉米芯碎屑能够促进菌丝对栽培料中大分子物质的分解利用,对香菇T2品种培养条件的优化及规模化栽培提供理论参考依据。Extracellular enzymes are produced in the cells and secreted out of the cells,which decompose macromolecular substances in edible fungi cultivation materials and provide nutrients for the growth and development of edible fungi.This experiment used two formula of cultivation material(Conventional formula:sawdust 78%,wheat bran 20%,lime 1%,gypsum 1%,matrix moisture content 60%.Treatment formula:71% of sawdust,8% of corncob sawdust,18% of bran,0.5% of corn flour,0.5% of lime,1% of gypsum,0.5% of calcium carbonate,0.5%of soybean meal,and 53% of substrate water content),the mushroom T2 liquid and solid strains were made.The decomposition and utilization of extracellular enzymes of mushroom T2 liquid and solid strains in mycelium growth period and fruiting body development period were studied,and the change rule of extracellular enzymes in the growth and development of mushroom was studied.The total phenol,crude polysaccharide,water content and crude protein quality of mushroom fruiting body after mushroom fruiting were determined,which provided a reference for the large-scale cultivation of mushroom T2 varieties.The results showed that the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase,hemicellulase and amylase increased and decreased twice with the extension of growth period,and the enzyme activities were the highest in bud stage and full mushroom stage.Laccase activity decreased gradually.The activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase increased first and then decreased.The change trend of six kinds of enzymes in the two cultivation materials was basically the same,but the enzyme activity was different.Secondly,by analyzing and comparing the activities of six extracellular enzymes,it can be seen that the extracellular enzyme activity of the treatment formula is better than that of the conventional formula,showing a stronger ability to decompose macromolecular substances,indicating that the addition of appropriate amount of corn cob debris in the cultivation material can promote the decomposition and utilization of macrom

关 键 词：香菇T2品种 液体菌种 固体菌种 胞外酶 栽培料 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]