论信息科技影响下的盗赃物权属规则变迁  

On the Evolving Legal Regime for the Title of Stolen Goods from the Information Technology Perspective

作　　者：王博阳[1] Wang Boyang

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2021年第6期57-70,共14页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：盗赃物权属规则旨在盗贼缺位时分配因无权处分行为所造成的产权不确定风险,涉及国家关于"静的财产安全"与"动的交易安全"两种正当性利益之间的价值权衡,而传统上"占有委托物与占有脱离物"的理论区分难以作为划定善意取得适用范围的有效依据。如果将历史上界定盗赃物权属所形成的"原所有人规则"与"善意买受人规则"两类规则体系视为光谱的两端,那么各国多样化的盗赃物权属规则可视为光谱上的制度均衡点位移。在信息科技的影响下,线上网络交易环境正在冲击基于线下传统物理环境所制定的善意取得认定标准,而网络交易平台基于规范和技术所构成的强治理能力为国家在法律层面解决盗赃物权属问题提供了新的风险承担者。随着区块链技术的推进,法律在未来有可能实现动产的全面登记,从而改变现有的物权公示公信方式,使"原所有人规则"重新成为占优规则。Rules for stolen property ownership are designed to allocate risks of uncertain property rights caused by unauthorized disposition when the thief is absent.The rules present how countries weigh the value of two legitimate interests,"static property security"and"dynamic transaction security".However,the traditional theoretical distinction between"entrusted possession"and"uncommissioned possession"cannot be used as an effective basis for delimiting the applied range of good faith acquisition.If the two historical systems of rules which define the ownership of stolen property,the"original owner rule"and the"the good-faith purchaser rule",are regarded as the two ends of a spectrum,the diversified rules for stolen property ownership in different countries can be deemed as the displacement of system equilibrium on the spectrum.Driven by information technology,the online trading environment is affecting good faith acquisition standards set based on the traditional offline trading environment,and the powerful governance of the online trading platform based on norms and technology constitutes a new risk taker for a country to resolve issues regarding the ownership of stolen property legally.With the advancement of blockchain technology,a comprehensive registration of the movable property can be realized legally in the future,thereby gradually replacing the existing method of announcing ownership through public notification and credibility,so as to reelevate the"original owner rule"to the dominant rule.

关 键 词：盗赃物 善意取得 信息技术 制度变迁 价值权衡 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]