风机塔架PS-TMD被动控制装置机理分析及参数调谐优化研究  

MECHANISM ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER TUNING OPTIMIZATION FOR WIND TURBINE TOWERS WITH PS-TMD PASSIVE CONTROL DEVICES

作　　者：刘纲[1,2] 雷振博 杨微 李杨 LIU Gang;LEI Zhen-bo;YANG Wei;LI Yang(School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;The Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area of the Ministry of Education(Chongqing University),Chongqing 400044,China;CSIC Haizhuang Wind Power Co.Ltd,Chongqing 401122,China;School of Automation,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045 [2]山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044 [3]中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司,重庆401122 [4]重庆大学自动化学院,重庆400044 [5]重庆大学机械工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《工程力学》2021年第12期137-146,共10页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS20025);重庆市技术创新与应用发展项目(cstc2020jscx-msxmX0180);工信部项目(ZC20.001)。

摘　　要：随着风电机组向大兆瓦方向发展,风机塔架的高、柔特性愈发突出,在风、浪及地震等运营荷载下塔架结构的振动问题日益显著。针对风机载荷复杂、共振频带较宽的问题,结合风机塔筒结构的特殊构造和振动特点,提出一种新型被动预应力调谐质量阻尼装置(PS-TMD)。基于结构动力学原理,给出了风机及PSTMD装置体系的简化力学计算模型,推导了体系动力系数及分支点共振频率比,分析了PS-TMD的减振机理,推导了体系的最优频率比、阻尼比、质量比,从理论上阐明了体系参数的最佳调谐。通过某风机塔筒理论分析表明:与相同条件下的传统TMD相比,PS-TMD的最优频率比可达0.9974,最优阻尼比为0.35%,且PSTMD有阻尼体系不存在共振发散现象,在接近结构自振频率附近减振效果可达60%以上。有限元模拟结果表明,在三组不同风荷载作用下,塔顶位移减振控制均可达到35%以上,能有效抑制塔架结构的共振。With the development of wind turbines in the direction of large megawatts,the high flexibility of wind turbine towers has been more and more obvious,and the vibration problem of the tower under operating loads such as winds,waves and earthquakes has become increasingly prominent.Aiming at the problems such as the complex loading of the wind turbine and the wide resonance frequency band,a new passive control device named the PS-TMD(Pre-stress Tuned Mass Damper)is proposed based on the special structure and vibration characteristics of wind turbines.Based on the principles of structural dynamics,a simplified mechanical calculation model of wind turbines with PS-TMDs is given.The dynamic coefficient and the branching point resonance frequency ratio are derived to analyze the vibration reduction mechanism of PS-TMDs.On this basis,the optimal frequency ratio,damping ratio and mass ratio of the system are derived.The optimal tuning of the system parameters is expounded theoretically.The numerical simulation of a wind turbine shows that the optimal frequency ratio of PS-TMDs reaches 0.9974,and its optimal damping ratio is only 0.35%.The PS-TMD damping system does not exhibit resonance divergence.The vibration reduction effect of PS-TMD can reach more than 60%near the natural vibration frequency of the structure.The finite element simulation results show that the control effect on the top displacement of the tower under the three different load cases can reach more than 35%,and that this device can effectively inhibit the resonance of the wind turbine tower.

关 键 词：风机塔架结构 调谐质量阻尼器 预应力 动力系数 参数调谐 

分 类 号：TU311[建筑科学—结构工程]