湿润亚热带森林锰、铜、锌随降雨分配的迁移动态特征  

Dynamics of manganese,copper,and zinc along with rainfall partitioning in humid subtropical forests

作　　者：黄艳波 吴福忠 杨玉盛[1,2] 倪祥银 廖姝 胥超[1,2] 熊德成[1,2] 谭思懿 袁吉 岳楷 HUANG Yanbo;WU Fuzhong;YANG Yusheng;NI Xiangyin;LIAO Shu;XU Chao;XIONG Decheng;TAN Siyi;YUAN Ji;YUE Kai(School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007;Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第11期4710-4719,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31800373,31922052,31800521,32022056)。

摘　　要：为探究森林生态系统中重金属随降雨分配迁移的特征,连续观测两年降雨,对比分析Mn、Cu、Zn在穿透雨、树干茎流、地表径流中浓度、输出量、变异情况的差异,并讨论了重金属迁移规律的产生机制.结果表明,林型对雨水的再分配有较大影响.米槠次生林树干茎流水量极显著大于杉木人工成熟林,故前者树干茎流的重金属浓度低于后者;对于林内雨,穿透雨中重金属浓度在米槠次生林(阔叶林)更高,树干茎流中重金属浓度则在杉木人工成熟林(针叶林)更高.整体而言,林内雨的重金属浓度在旱季高于雨季,表现出明显的季节变化;林型对地表径流的影响较复杂,体现在植被类型、林龄、土壤理化性质等方面.本研究中,Mn随地表径流的输出量在米槠次生林显著大于其它3种林型;Zn在较大林龄的米槠次生林和杉木人工成熟林有更大的输出量;降雨分配过程中3种元素的浓度变异情况有所不同,表现为Mn变异最大,Zn次之,Cu最稳定.本研究结果对进一步了解森林生态系统中重金属的迁移特征提供了依据.To assess the dynamics of heavy metals along with rainfall partitioning in forest ecosystems,we measured the concentrations and output amount of three common heavy metals(Mn,Cu,and Zn)in throughfall,stemflow,and surface runoff with a two-year field experiment in different types of subtropical forests.Results showed that forest type significantly affected rainfall partitioning.Stemflow in Castanopsis carlesii secondary forest was significantly higher than that in Cunninghamia lanceolata mature plantation,while the concentration of heavy metals in stemflow showed an opposite pattern.The concentrations of heavy metals in throughfall were significantly higher in the C.carlesii secondary forest(broad-leaved forest),but the concentrations of heavy metals in stemflow were higher in the C.lanceolata mature plantation(coniferous forest).As to different seasons,the concentrations of heavy metals in dry season were significantly higher than those during rainy season,showing obvious seasonal variability.The impact of forest type on surface runoff was complex,which was reflected in vegetation type,forest age,soil physical and chemical properties.The output of Mn with surface runoff in C.carlesii secondary forest was significantly higher than that in other three types of forests.The output of Zn was higher in the older C.carlesii secondary forest and the C.lanceolata mature plantation.Concentration variations of the three investigated heavy metals during rainfall partitioning differed,with Mn the largest and Cu the most stable.Our results provide important data for a better understanding of heavy metal fluxes along with hydrological processes in forest ecosystems.

关 键 词：重金属 亚热带森林 穿透雨 树干茎流 地表径流 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]