平菇品种的黄斑病抗病性及其与主要农艺性状相关性分析  

Analysis of resistance to yellow blotch disease of Pleurotus ostreatus and its correlation with the main agronomic characters

作　　者：肖扬[1] 陈康 丛倩倩[2] 安秀荣[2] 边银丙[1] Xiao Yang;Chen Kang;Cong Qianqian;An Xiurong;Bian Yinbing(Institute of Applied mycology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai'an 271000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学应用真菌研究所,武汉430070 [2]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《食药用菌》2021年第6期509-512,共4页Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

基　　金：国家食用菌产业技术体系项目(CARS-20);湖北省食用菌产业技术体系项目(HBHZDZB-2021-023)。

摘　　要：依据菌柄硬度和菌盖色泽将平菇(Pleuorotus ostreatus)97个栽培品种进行分组,调查大棚栽培条件下各品种黄斑病自然发病情况。23个菌柄偏软的品种平均发病率和病情指数分别为37.0%和21.11,高于其余74个菌柄偏硬品种的平均值18.1%和8.05,组间差异达到极显著水平。60个菌盖色泽偏深(黑褐色和灰黑色)的品种平均发病率和病情指数为25.9%和13.07,高于37个色泽偏浅(灰色、灰白色和灰褐色)品种的平均值17.1%和8.03,但组间差异不显著。采用人工接种托拉斯假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas tolaasii)测试平菇不同品种抗病性。感病品种在接种后10 h菌盖便出现黄化,病斑迅速扩展,菌盖逐渐焦黄萎缩;抗病品种在接种72 h后菌盖表面才出现轻微黄化,呈淡黄色,扩展缓慢。研究结果表明,平菇品种的黄斑病抗病性与菌柄硬度呈显著相关,与菌盖色泽没有显著相关性,但菌盖色泽不同的品种在症状显现时间和病斑扩展速度方面存在明显差异。Ninety-seven varieties of Pleuorotus ostreatus were divided into groups according to the stalk hardness and pileus color,and the natural occurrence of yellow blotch disease under greenhouse cultivation condition was also investigated.The average disease incidence and disease index of the 23 varieties with soft stalks(37.0%and 21.11)were higher than those of the other 74 varieties with hard stalks(18.1%and 8.05),and there was extremely significant difference between groups.The average disease incidence and disease index(25.9%and 13.07)of the 60 varieties with dark color pileus(blackish brown and grey-black)were higher than those of the 37 varieties with light color pileus(gray,grey-white and grey-brown)(17.1%and 8.03),but there was no any significant difference between groups.Samples were artificially inoculated with Pseudomonas tolaasii to test the resistance of different varieties of P.ostreatus.Ten hours after inoculation,yellowing appeared on the pileus of susceptible varieties,the spots rapidly expanded,and the pileus gradually turned yellow and atrophied.It was not until 72 hours after inoculation that the pileus surface of resistant varieties showed slight yellowing,light yellow and slow yellowing expansion.Our findings showed that the resistance of P.ostreatus varieties was significantly correlated with stalk hardness,but not significant correlation with pileus color.However,there were obvious differences in symptom onset time and spot expansion rate among varieties with different pileus color.

关 键 词：平菇 黄斑病 栽培品种 菌柄硬度 菌盖色泽 抗病性 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]