应对生物技术变革与伦理新挑战的中国方略  

China’s Strategies for Governance of Biotechnological Changes and New Ethical Challenges

作　　者：彭耀进 周琪[4] PENG Yaojin;ZHOU Qi(Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine,Beijing 100101,China;Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100864,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京干细胞与再生医学研究院,北京100101 [4]中国科学院,北京100864

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2021年第11期1288-1297,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院学部科技伦理研究项目(XBKJLL2019001);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA16040503)。

摘　　要：生物技术日新月异,给人类社会提供巨大效益,但同时其发展与变革所伴随的伦理、安全、负外部性等问题日益凸显。生物技术伦理挑战及其应对已成为当今中国国家治理体系和治理能力现代化研究的重要议题之一。当前,生物技术仍处于早期发展阶段且发展方向、路径及其应用等均具有高度不确定性,技术变革具有更强的颠覆性、复杂性和社会关联性等特征。世界正面临生物技术大发展、伦理新挑战爆发、伦理治理再变革的交织互动复杂局面。中国应借此机会一方面推动生物技术高质量发展,另一方面应从风险研判、制度构建、多元主体参与和全球治理等维度,多管齐下、交错互动,以期达到综合性、灵活性、可持续性的治理愿景。Biotechnology is changing greatly over recent years,providing huge benefits to human society.However,the ethics,safety,and negative externalities of biotechnology have become increasingly prominent.Currently,biotechnology is still in the early stage of development,and full of high uncertainty.Technological changes in this field have the characteristics of stronger subversiveness,complexity,and social relevance.The world is facing a process of great development of biotechnology,new outbreaks of ethical challenges,and ethical governance reforms.China should take this opportunity to promote the high-quality development of biotechnology on the one hand,and on the other hand,adopt a multi-pronged approach to achieve comprehensive,flexible,and sustainable governance of ethical issues by conducting forward-looking ethical risk research and judgment,improving regulatory system,encouraging the participation of multiple stakeholders,and taking part in global governance,etc.

关 键 词：生物技术 伦理 治理 

分 类 号：B82-057[哲学宗教—伦理学]