自洗钱与上游犯罪的处断原则及教义学检视  

Reflections on the disposition of self-laundering and predicate offences

作　　者：赵桐 ZHAO Tong(Law School of Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,南京210008

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2021年第5期129-142,共14页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2020年度江苏省法学会法学研究课题“新型支付方式下的财产犯罪司法认定研究”(SFH2020C03)。

摘　　要：针对自洗钱行为所侵犯的法益类型,将其分为转移类自洗钱与转换类自洗钱。其中,根据事后不可罚行为原理,在同一主体前后行为分别构成两个犯罪的前提下,在后行为没有造成新的法益侵害时不予单独处罚,转移类自洗钱符合事后不可罚行为的成立条件,在肯定同时构成上游犯罪与洗钱罪后,应当在上游犯罪的法定刑范围内、洗钱罪的最高刑期以上处罚。根据牵连犯原理,在前后法益重合度较高、前后构成要件关联度较高时应从一重罪从重处罚,转换类自洗钱无法成立牵连犯,需独立评价其对金融管理秩序的侵害,与上游犯罪数罪并罚。在对法益侵害的具体判断中,需考察是否造成新类型法益侵害与是否加深旧法益侵害,结合具体的洗钱案件得出处断结论。The types of legal benefit infringed by the act of self-laundering are divided into the transfer type of self-laundering and the conversion type of self-laundering.In particular,according to the principle of ex post facto non-punishable acts,if the acts of the same subject constitute two separate offences,the latter acts are not separately punishable if they do not cause a new legal interest to be infringed.In accordance with the principle of guilt by association,where there is a high degree of overlap between the preceding and subsequent legal interests and a high degree of correlation between the preceding and subsequent constituent elements,the penalty should be heavier for one felony.In the specific judgement of the infringement of legal interests,it is necessary to examine whether it causes a new type of infringement of legal interests and whether it deepens the infringement of old legal interests,and to draw conclusions in the context of specific money laundering cases.

关 键 词：洗钱罪 《刑法修正案(十一)》 牵连犯 处断原则 

分 类 号：DF623[政治法律—刑法学]