外泌体介导的lncRNA在结直肠癌发生发展过程中的作用及研究进展  

Research advances of exosome-derived lncRNA in the development of colorectal cancer

作　　者：智洁 李亚星(综述)[1] 贾漪涛(审校)[1] Jie Zhi;Yaxing Li;Yitao Jia(Department of Oncology,Hebei General Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院肿瘤三科,石家庄市050051

出　　处：《中国肿瘤临床》2021年第20期1066-1070,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology

摘　　要：外泌体(exosome)是一类由多种细胞主动分泌的直径约40~100 nm的脂质双分子层微小囊泡,可携带特异的生物活性分子如蛋白质、脂质、microRNA和长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)等进入相应的靶细胞,介导细胞间的物质运输和信息交流。lncRNA为一类不具备蛋白质编码功能的单链RNA分子,能够在表观遗传、转录及转录后水平调控基因表达,参与肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移、肿瘤耐药、肿瘤免疫调节等过程,从而影响肿瘤的发生发展。研究发现,外泌体介导的lncRNA可参与结直肠癌的发生、侵袭和转移,并在结直肠癌诊断、预后和治疗过程中扮演重要角色。本文就外泌体lncRNA在结直肠癌发生发展过程中的作用、诊断、预后评估及治疗中的相关研究进展进行综述。Exosomes are a class of lipid bimolecular microvesicles with a diameter of approximately 40–100 nm,actively secreted by various cells.Exosomes can carry specific bioactive molecules,such as proteins,lipids,microRNA,and lncRNA,into the corresponding target cells,thus mediating material transport and information communication between cells.LncRNA is a class of single-stranded RNA molecules without protein-coding function that regulates gene expression at epigenetic,transcriptional,and post-transcriptional levels and participates in tumor proliferation,invasion,metastasis,drug resistance,tumor immune regulation,and other processes,thus affecting the occurrence and development of tumors.Studies have shown that exosome-derived lncRNA is involved in the occurrence,invasion,and metastasis of colorectal cancer,thus playing an essential role in the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of colorectal cancer.This review summarizes the role of exosome-derived lncRNA in the development of colorectal cancer and related research progress in its diagnosis,prognosis evaluation,and treatment.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 外泌体 长链非编码 RNA 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]