不同湿度葡萄冬剪废弃物堆肥效果研究  

Study on composting effect of grape winter pruning waste with different humidity

作　　者：商佳胤[1] 李凯[1] 王丹[1] 苏宏 张鹤[1] 田淑芬 董永 SHANG Jiayin;LI Kai;WANG Dan;SU Hong;ZHANG He;TIAN Shufen;DONG Yong(Tianjin Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Tianjin 300192,China;Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Shuangjie Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300403,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院,天津300192 [2]天津农学院,300384 [3]天津双街农业科技有限公司,天津300403

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2021年第5期55-59,共5页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：天津市林果现代农业产业技术体系(ITTFPRS2018005);天津市科技计划项目(16YFNZNC00090);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201701030)。

摘　　要：为了研究堆肥初始补充水分对葡萄冬季修剪废弃物的堆肥效果,以设施种植的‘夏黑’葡萄冬季修剪枝条为试材,按照枝条质量的5%、10%、15%、20%、25%设置5个补水处理,以不补水为对照(CK),测定了堆肥温度、总有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾等营养指标和蛋白酶、脲酶、纤维素酶、硝酸还原酶和蔗糖酶等酶活性指标。结果表明:补水15%处理在最高温、高温维持时间和总积温方面效果最好,大于20%的补水处理会影响堆肥的总积温;所有补水处理均可提高碳的转化效率;>5%的水分处理堆肥后其全钾的含量较高;初始含水量高的处理脲酶和纤维素酶活性更高。综合评价认为,在堆肥初始阶段,补充堆肥质量15%的水分效果最佳。In order to study the composting effect of initial supplemental moisture of compost on winter pruning waste of grape,the winter pruning branches of'Summer Black'grape planted in facilities were used as test materials.Five treatments were set according to the compost quality,such as 5%,10%,15%,20%and 25%hydration,take no hydration as control(CK).Nutrient indexes such as compost temperature,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and enzyme activity indexes such as protease,urease,cellulase,nitrate reductase and sucrase were determined.The results showed that,effect of 15%water supplement was the best in terms of maximum temperature,duration of high temperature and total accumulated temperature.Treatment with water content greater than 20%would affect the total accumulated temperature of the compost.Supplementing water could improve the efficiency of carbon conversion.The content of total potassium was higher when treatment with water content more than 5%.The urease and cellulase activities were higher in the treatment with higher initial water content.Comprehensive evaluation of all,in the initial stage of composting,replenish 15%water of compost quality had the best effect.

关 键 词：葡萄 修剪废弃物 含水量 堆肥 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S147.5[农业科学—园艺学]