人口集聚、人才集聚与人力资本效率——基于流动人口的视角  

Population Agglomeration,Talent Agglomeration and Human Capital Efficiency——Based on the Perspective of Migrant Population

作　　者：于潇[1] 王琪汇 Yu Xiao;Wang Qihui

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,长春130012

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2021年第11期67-80,共14页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中俄蒙国家战略互动与‘一带一路’建设研究”(17JJDGJW006),项目负责人:于潇;国家社会科学基金项目“粤港澳大湾区人口集聚及其经济增长效应研究”(18BRK024),项目负责人:杨东亮。

摘　　要：为验证集聚对人力资本效率的影响,本文以教育人力资本收益度量人力资本效率,按照人口集聚、人才集聚将城市划分为低度集聚、中度集聚、高度集聚三档六类,兼顾人才质量以大学数量与质量为参照,进一步按人才集聚将城市划分为低水平人才集聚、中水平人才集聚、高水平人才集聚三档六类,在人口流动背景下运用多种反事实分析方法测算不同类型城市人力资本效率。研究结论:(1)人口集聚、人才集聚均能提升流动人口人力资本效率,流动人口人力资本效率随着集聚程度的提高而有所提升。(2)相比人口中度集聚城市,人口低度集聚城市依然拥有不低的人力资本效率,可能是长期人口自由流动导致城市间人力资本效率差异的收敛。(3)人才集聚最有利于人力资本效率的发挥,综合考虑人才数量与质量,即在人才高度集聚城市中优先选择高水平人才集聚城市,结合测算结果归纳出三个梯队。To verify the agglomeration effect on human capital efficiency,this paper measures human capital efficiency by educational human capital return,according to population agglomeration and talent agglomeration,cities are divided into three grades and six categories:low agglomeration,medium agglomeration and high agglomeration,taking into account the quality of talents and taking the quantity and quality of universities as a reference,the city is further divided into three grades and six categories according to talent agglomeration:low level,medium level and high level,under the background of population mobility,a variety of counterfactual analysis methods are used to measure human capital efficiency of different types of cities.Conclusion:(1)Population agglomeration and talent agglomeration can improve human capital efficiency of migrant population,human capital efficiency of migrant population increases with the improvement of agglomeration degree.(2)Compared with cities with moderate population agglomeration,cities with low population agglomeration still have high human capital efficiency,which may be due to the convergence of human capital efficiency differences among cities due to long-term free population flow.(3)Talent agglomeration is most conducive to the play of human capital efficiency.Considering the quantity and quality of talents,that is,the cities with high level of talents are selected first among the cities with high agglomeration of talents,and three echelons are concluded based on the calculation results.

关 键 词：人口集聚 人才集聚 人力资本效率 流动人口 教育收益 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]