煤污病菌表皮生态位适应性进化机制研究进展  

Research progress of adaptive evolution mechanism of sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi on plant surface niche

作　　者：王博[1,2] 张荣[1] 孙广宇[1] WANG Bo;ZHANG Rong;SUN Guang-Yu(College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西安交通大学电子与信息学部,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《菌物学报》2021年第10期2550-2561,共12页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31972220);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS27)。

摘　　要：煤污病是一类外寄生性植物真菌病害。煤污病菌在果实表面形成黑色污斑和污点,导致外观品质降低影响销售,给果农造成严重经济损失。真菌的适应性进化分子机制一直是植物病原真菌生态学领域的研究前沿。煤污病菌在进化过程中为适应寄主表面营养贫瘠、干旱、紫外线照射等非生物胁迫,以及与表面其他微生物竞争生物胁迫等极端环境,进化出一系列独特机制,从而成功定殖于植物表皮。本文从基因组结构趋同进化、致病相关基因家族收缩与扩张和胁迫响应等方面,系统综述了煤污菌群对表皮生态位的适应性进化分子机制。Sooty blotch and flyspeck(SBFS) is a kind of ectoparasitic fungal disease, causing smudges and blemishes on fruit surface, which affect the appearance of fruits and cause serious economic losses. The pathogen could overcome the extreme micro-environment such as drought,oligotrophic, ultraviolet radiation and biological stress, specifically parasitizes on the plant surface. The adaptive evolution mechanism of these pathogens has always been a hot topic in the field of plant diseases. In this paper, adaptive evolution mechanism of SBFS fungi on plant surface niche was systematically reviewed in three aspects concerning convergent evolution of genome structure, contraction and expansion of pathogenic gene family and stress response.

关 键 词：煤污病 煤污蝇粪复合病害 生态位 烟煤病 适应性进化 全基因组测序 外寄生 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]