弹簧腐蚀过程中的浸渐不变量  

ADIABATIC INVARIANT IN THE PROCESS OF SPRING CORROSION

作　　者：董书平 范洪义 DONG Shuping;FAN Hongyi(Hefei No.1 Middle School of Anhui Province,Hefei,Anhui 230000;School of Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,Anhui 230001)

机构地区：[1]安徽省合肥市第一中学,安徽合肥230000 [2]中国科学技术大学物理学院,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《物理与工程》2021年第4期114-116,共3页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：安徽省教育厅:“强基计划”下物理拔尖学生选拔与培养的实践研究(JK20071),批准文号:安徽省教育厅皖教秘[2020]484号。

摘　　要：本文通过回顾历史上物理学家关于热现象的浸渐过程、力学振动的浸渐现象、磁矩的浸渐不变量、磁通的浸渐不变量和电磁振荡电路中的“浸渐不变量”,来探讨弹簧缓慢腐蚀的情况。从日常生活中弹簧劲度系数变化的现象出发,先建立一个理论模型:单摆摆长缓慢变化。用经典物理的方法,功能原理和微小运动过程的数学处理得出结果,其能量E与摆长L满足:E√L为常数,即E与频率ν的比值为一常数。然后用单摆和弹簧振子振动频率的相似性进行类比给出了结论:弹簧腐蚀过程中的能量量子化,劲度系数缓变时,E/√K是不变量。In this paper,the slow corrosion of springs is discussed by reviewing the history of physicists'adiabatic processes in thermal phenomena,adiabatic phenomena in mechanical vibrations,adiabatic invariant in magnetic moments,adiabatic invariant in magnetic flux,and adiabatic invariant in electromagnetic oscillation circuits.Based on the phenomenon of spring stiffness coefficient change in daily life,a theoretical model is established:the length of single pendulum changes slowly.The results are obtained by using classical physical methods,functional principles and mathematical processing of micro-motion processes.The energy E and pendulum length L meet the following requirements:E√L is a constant,that is E to the ratio of frequencyνis a constant.Then,by analogy with the similarity of vibration frequency between a simple pendulum and a spring oscillator,the conclusion is given:as the energy is quantized during spring corrosion,E/√K is an invariant when the stiffness coefficient changes slowly.

关 键 词：浸渐不变量 能量量子化 单摆 弹簧振子 

分 类 号：O32[理学—一般力学与力学基础]