肠道微生物在阿尔茨海默病发病机制及治疗前景方面的研究进展  

Research progress of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and therapeutic prospect of Alzheimer’s disease

作　　者：曹莉[1] 夏萌[2] 刘广志 Cao Li;Xia Meng;Liu Guangzhi(Department of Neurology,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Clinical Nutrition,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院神经内科,100029 [2]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院临床营养科,100029

出　　处：《中国医药》2021年第11期1743-1746,共4页China Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82071342)。

摘　　要：近年来,越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物与人体健康密切相关,肠道微生物的失调与许多疾病的发生有关。肠道微生物也参与神经退行性疾病阿尔茨海默病(AD)的发病。肠道微生物通过"微生物-肠道-脑轴"与大脑进行双向调节,这个通路涉及神经系统、内分泌系统及免疫系统等。随着年龄的增加,肠道微生物多样性减少,肠黏膜屏障及血脑屏障通透性增加,有毒物质的吸收增加。失调的肠道微生物会影响肠道内神经递质的产生,肠道微生物也产生致炎物质如脂多糖及淀粉样蛋白,导致神经炎症,促进神经元的死亡,上述因素均与AD的发病相关。本文阐述了益生菌在重塑肠道微生物群及改善AD患者认知功能方面的效应,为将来AD治疗开辟新思路。In recent years,more and more evidences show that gut microbiota is closely related to human health,and the disorder of gut microbiota is related to the occurrence of many diseases.Gut microbiota is also involved in the neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Gut microbiota regulates with the brain bidirectional through the microbiota-gut-brain axis,which involves such as nervous system,endocrine system and immune system.With the increase of age,the diversity of gut microbiota decreased,the permeability of intestinal mucosal barrier and blood-brain barrier increased,and the absorption of toxic substances increased.Disregulated gut microbiota affects the production of neurotransmitters in the gut,and they produces inflammatory substances such as lipopolysaccharide and amyloid protein,leading to neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal death.These factors are associated with the onset of AD.This paper illustrates the effect of probiotics on remodeling gut microbiota and improving cognitive function in patients with AD,which provides a new idea for future treatment of AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 肠道微生物 微生物-肠道-脑轴 益生菌 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]