中老年糖尿病足患者膳食营养摄入状况调查  

Analysis on the dietary nutrient intake of middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetic foot

作　　者：王澄 陈超刚[1] 杨川[2] 梁平[1] 何凤怡[1] 陆嘉晖 严励[2] WANG Cheng;CHEN Chaogang;YANG Chuan;LIANG Ping;HE Fengyi;LU Jiahui;YAN Li(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Sun Yatsen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yatsen University,Guangzhou 510020,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院临床营养科,广州510020 [2]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院内分泌内科,广州510020

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2021年第20期2681-2686,共6页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:2020A1515011345)。

摘　　要：目的通过膳食调查比较不同性别和不同Wagner级别的中老年糖尿病足(diabetic foot,DF)患者营养摄入状况。方法选取2018年8月至2019年12月入院治疗的126例中老年糖尿病足患者作为研究对象,采用膳食频率问卷回顾性调查其入院前一年的膳食情况。结果糖尿病足患者膳食总能量摄入不足,男性更为明显;宏量营养素的供能比能满足中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量;食物种类摄入量中豆类、蛋类及奶类这三种优质蛋白质来源的食物摄入量偏低;50%以上的患者钙、钾、磷、镁、硒、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E和维生素C摄入量未能达到中国居民膳食营养参考摄入量,仅铁、铜、烟酸摄入量达标率为80%以上,仅女性患者锌摄入量达标率超过80%。在Wagner 3级及以下和Wagner 4级这两部分患者中,各种营养素和食物的摄入均无明显差异。结论糖尿病足患者应增加豆类、蛋类、奶类以及富含钙、钾、磷、镁、硒、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素E和维生素C等矿物质和维生素的食物摄入。Objective To compare the nutrient intake of middle-aged and elderly diabetic foot(DF)patients with different genders and different Wagner grades through dietary survey.Methods A total of 126 middleaged and elderly DF patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from August 2018 to December 2019 were included.Dietary frequency questionnaire was used to retrospectively investigate the nutritional situation before admission.Results The total energy intake of DF patients was lower than that of dietary nutrient reference intake for Chinese residents.The percentage of energy intake of macro nutrients were basically in line with the reference intake of dietary nutrients.The intake of beans,eggs and milk,three high-quality protein sources,was generally insufficient.Intakes of calcium,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,selenium,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin E and vitamin C failed to meet the dietary nutrient reference intakes for Chinese residents in more than 50%patients.Only the intake of iron,copper and niacin reaches 80%.Zinc intake exceeds 80%only in female patients.When the patients were grouped by DF classification,there was no significant difference in the intake of nutrient and food between group Wagner 3 and below and group Wagner 4.Conclusion In order to improve nutritional status and promote rehabilitation,patients with DF should increase the intake of beans,eggs,milk,and foods which are rich in minerals and vitamins such as calcium,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,selenium,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin E and vitamin C.

关 键 词：糖尿病足 膳食调查 食物频率问卷 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]