有限理性境域下研究生学术不端行为的生成机理与治理路径  

On the Generation Mechanism and Governance Paths of Postgraduates'Academic Misconduct from the Perspective of Bounded Rationality

作　　者：余应鸿[1] 张翔[2] YU Yinghong;ZHANG Xiang(College of Teacher Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715;Institute of Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715 [2]贵州师范大学教育学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2021年第6期35-41,共7页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：教育部师德师风建设基地项目“教师专业伦理的实践向度研究”资助(JYBJD2020012);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(SWU1709118)。

摘　　要：研究生学术不端行为作为一种学术投机行为,是研究生基于收益与成本均衡的“满意解”。有限理性境域下,研究生选择学术不端行为,一是源于学术不端行为的收益大于成本,二是肇于治理制度供给不足以致学术不端行为风险偏低,三是囿于研究生对学术不端行为的不完全信息以及决策思考努力不足。研究生学术不端行为治理一方面需要降低研究生学术不端行为的效用,让其“不愿”学术不端;另一方面,要强化制度供给以增加研究生学术不端行为风险,使其“不敢”学术不端,同时还需加强研究生学术规范教育,以防止“无知型”学术不端行为的发生。The academic misconduct by postgraduates is a kind of academic speculative behavior and a“satisfactory solution”for postgraduates based on the balance of benefits and costs.From the perspective of bounded rationality,the authors conclude three reasons for postgraduates to be prone to academic misconduct are as follows:first,the benefit derived from academic misconduct outweigh the cost;second,the lack of the control from governance system leads to low risk of academic misconduct;and third,postgraduates are confined to incomplete information about the consequence of academic misconduct and they lack sufficient efforts when making decisions.Therefore,the authors propose that the academic misconduct governance should be performed in two aspects:one is to reduce the benefit of academic misconduct and make the students“unwilling”to conduct academic misconduct,and the other is to strengthen the governance system supply so as to increase the risk of academic misconduct and make them“dare not”to take academic misconduct.At the same time,we should strengthen the education of academic ethics so as to prevent the occurrence of“ignorant”academic misconduct.

关 键 词：有限理性 研究生 学术不端行为 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]