RPE细胞发生上皮间充质转化机制及PVR的治疗研究进展  

Research progress on the mechanism of epithelial mesenchymal transformation in RPE cells and the treatment of PVR

作　　者：崔海悦 陆宏[1] Hai-Yue Cui;Hong Lu(Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院眼科,中国江苏省南通市226000

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2021年第12期2104-2108,共5页International Eye Science

摘　　要：增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR)是眼外伤、糖尿病性视网膜病变、血管性视网膜病变和炎症性视网膜病变等眼部疾病的严重并发症,也是孔源性视网膜脱离手术失败的最重要原因,对视功能的危害较大。大量研究已证明PVR发生的主要危险因素是视网膜损伤后血视网膜屏障受损,视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelial,RPE)细胞受到玻璃体腔内细胞因子的刺激,RPE细胞发生上皮间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT),转分化为成纤维样细胞,细胞的形态发生了变化,细胞间的紧密连接消失,细胞极性丧失,增殖、迁移、侵袭能力增强。在视网膜前表面或视网膜下形成具有收缩性的纤维增殖膜,形成的纤维增殖膜会使视网膜形成皱褶,牵拉视网膜导致视网膜脱离,最终会导致患者视力下降甚至失明。国内外对预防和治疗PVR进行了大量的研究,本文对RPE细胞发生上皮间充质转化相关信号通路及PVR的治疗进行简要综述。Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)is a serious complication arisen from ocular trauma,diabetic retinopathy,vascular retinopathy,inflammatory retinopathy and other ocular diseases.It is also the most important reason for the failure of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery,which is a great threat of visual function.A large number of studies have proved that the main risk factor for PVR is the damage of blood-retinal barrier,in which retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells are stimulated by cytokines in the vitreous cavity.RPE cells underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),which transformed into fibroblasts.The cell morphology changed,the tight junctions between cells disappeared,the cell polarity lost,and the proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities were enhanced.A contractile fibrous proliferative membrane is formed on the anterior surface or under the retina.The fibrous proliferative membrane will lead to the retina folds,pull the retina and lead to retinal detachment,which will eventually lead to vision loss or even blindness.Nowadays,plenty of studies investigating the prevention and treatment of PVR have been carried out at home and abroad.In this review,we briefly illustrated the signaling pathways related to epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in RPE cells and the treatment of PVR.

关 键 词：增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR) 视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞 增殖 迁移 上皮间充质转化 治疗 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]