广州市2011-2020年老年梅毒流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in the elderly in Guangzhou,2011-2020

作　　者：何婉苹[1] 汤少开[1] 杨韵青 彭嘉俊 钟雪莲 罗权 叶兴东[1] 王建琴[1] HE Wan-ping;TANG Shao-kai;YANG Yun-qing;PENG Jia-jun;ZHONG Xue-lian;LUO Quan;YE Xing-dong;WANG Jian-qin(Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市皮肤病防治所,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2021年第11期1066-1069,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(No.20181A031003)。

摘　　要：目的了解广州市老年人群梅毒流行特点和趋势,为制定老年人群梅毒有效的防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对广州市2011—2020年≥60岁老年人群的梅毒发病资料进行分析。结果2011—2020年,广州市共报告老年梅毒22700例,发病率从2011年的109.96/10万增长到2020年的129.13/10万,总体呈现上升趋势(P<0.01)。早期显性梅毒(包括一期梅毒和二期梅毒)发病率从2011年的13.32/10万下降到2020年的2.60/10万,三期梅毒发病率从2011年的4.29/10万下降至2020年的1.20/10万,两者总体呈现下降趋势(P<0.01);隐性梅毒报告数逐年上升,构成比由2011年的83.98%上升到2020年的97.06%。男女性别比为1.76∶1,男性年均发病率为193.85/10万,女性年均发病率为101.56/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。职业分布以离退休人员(50.15%)、家务及待业人员(20.07%)和农民(15.70%)为主,74.02%文化水平在初中及以下,72.11%通过非婚异性性接触感染,27.34%通过配偶或固定性伴感染。结论广州市老年梅毒呈现上升趋势,应加强对该人群的宣教干预和筛查治疗。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in the elderly in Guangzhou,and we provide scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of syphilis.Methods The epidemiological analysis of the syphilis cases aged 60 years and over reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2020 was carried out by using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results From 2011 to 2020,a total of 22700 elderly syphilis cases were reported in Guangzhou,and the incidence increased from 109.96/105 in 2011 to 129.13/105 in 2020,showing an upward trend overall(P<0.001).The incidence of primary and secondary syphilis decreased from 13.32/105 in 2011 to 2.60/105 in 2020,and the incidence of tertiary syphilis dropped from 4.29/105 in 2011 to 1.20/105 in 2020,both of them showing a downward trend(P<0.01).The latent syphilis cases reported increased year by year,with the proportion rising from 83.98%in 2011 to 97.06%in 2020.The male-to-female ratio was 1.76∶1,with an average annual incidence of 193.85/105 in males and 101.56/105 in females,indicating a statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The occupation of patients was mainly composed of retirees(50.15%),household workers and the unemployed(20.07%)and farmers(15.70%).Among the patients,74.02%had a junior high school education or below,72.11%were infected through non-marital heterosexual contact and 27.34%were infected through their spouses or fixed partners.Conclusion The syphilis epidemic in the elderly in Guangzhou showed an upward trend,and the measures of education and intervention as well as screening and treatment should be strengthened for this population.

关 键 词：老年人群 梅毒 显性梅毒 隐性梅毒 发病率 

分 类 号：R579.1[医药卫生—消化系统]