海曙区地产果菜类蔬菜重金属污染健康风险评估  

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Fruit Vegetables in Haishu District

作　　者：洪丽虹 杨双喜 汪娌娜[1] Hong Lihong;Yang Shuangxi;Wang Li’na(Haishu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市海曙区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《广东化工》2021年第20期162-164,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：海曙区科技计划项目(海科[2018]40号)。

摘　　要：目的:了解海曙区地产果菜类蔬菜中镉、铅、汞、铬、砷的污染状况及经食入途径对人体产生的健康风险。方法:连续两年每季度对辖区5个街道随机抽取224份样品统计超标情况,评价污染程度、单一元素所带来的健康风险以及多种重金属总体带来的健康风险。结果:五种元素的超标率依次为铬>镉>铅>砷>汞,铬的最大值超过卫生限制的28.80倍;其中铬的单项污染物指数>1;儿童与成人群体THQ<1。结论:海曙区果蔬类蔬菜存在不同程度的重金属污染,Cr为轻污染。海曙区居民中成人健康风险较低,无明显的危害;儿童健康风险稍高,应引起重视。Objective:To analyze the pollution status of cadmium,lead,mercury,chromium and arsenic in fruit vegetables in Haishu District,as well as related influencing factors,and the health risks caused by ingestion.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020,224 samples of fruit vegetables were randomly selected from 5 streets in Haishu District every quarter.Tetsted the content the level of these samples and count the number of samples which exceed the national standard according to the China national standard methods.And single factor index and integrative index are used to evaluate the pollution degree.Use the target hazard coefficient method to evaluate the evaluate the health risk of single heavy metal and the overall health risk of multiple heavy metals.Results:The detection rate of five elements in fruits and vegetables in Haishu District was Cd>As>Cr>Pb>Hg.The detection rate of cadmium in eggplant was the highest(P<0.05).The detection rate of chromium in outdoor group was higher than that in greenhouse group(P<0.05).The detection rate of mercury in greenhouse group was higher than that in open air group(P<0.05),and the detection rate of Cr in pesticide group was lower than that in non pesticide group(P<0.05);The over standard rate was Cr>Cd>Pb>As>Hg,and the maximum value of Cr was 28.80 times higher than the health limit;The order of single heavy metal risk is Cr>Cd>Pb>Hg>As,and the single pollutant index of Cr>1 which means light pollution;The THQ of children and adults was less than 1.Conclusion:There are different degrees of heavy metal pollution in fruits and vegetables in Haishu District.Eggplant fruits and vegetables have a strong ability to accumulate and transport cadmium.The use of pesticides can reduce the accumulation of Cr.The THQ is relatively large.Adults in Haishu District had low human health risks,and will not get obvious harm;children’s health risks are higher and should be taken seriously.

关 键 词：宁波市 蔬菜 果菜 重金属 污染 健康风险 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]