植物油基润滑剂的化学修饰方法及进展  

Chemical Modification Methods of Lubricants Based on Vegetable Oils and Their Progress

作　　者：刘超 刘建芳[1] LIU Chao;LIU Jianfang(College of Life Science and Technology,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan Hubei 430023,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学生命科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430023

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2021年第11期148-156,共9页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52075405).

摘　　要：植物油较差的氧化安定性和低温流动性是限制其作为润滑剂的关键因素,而化学修饰是一个良好的解决方案。对植物油的几种主流化学修饰方法的研究现状进行综述,包括环氧化、酯交换、氢化、脂肪酸内酯的合成;从反应机制、条件和产物性能方面对植物油修饰方法进行探讨,阐述各种修饰方法的优缺点;展望了植物油替代矿物润滑油的研究开发前景,并指出需在生物基润滑剂的分子设计、植物油化学修饰方法的工业化应用、改性植物油与添加剂的协同效应、规模化制备工艺等方面,对植物油基润滑剂的研究及应用进行深入研究。The poor oxidation stability and low temperature fluidity of vegetable oil are the key factors limiting its using as lubricant,and the chemical modification is a good solution.The research status of several main chemical modification methods of vegetable oils,such as epoxidation,transesterification,hydrogenation and the synthesis of estolides was re⁃viewed.The chemical modification methods were discussed from the reaction mechanism,conditions and product perform⁃ance,and their advantages and disadvantages were summarized.The prospects for the research and development of vegetable oils replacing mineral lubricants were put forwarded.It is pointed out that the research and application of vegetable oilbased lubricants need to be deeply studied in the aspects of the molecular design of bio-lubricants,the industrial applica⁃tion of chemical modification methods of vegetable oils,the synergistic effect of modified vegetable oils and additives,the large-scale preparation technology.

关 键 词：化学修饰 植物油 生物基润滑剂 环氧化 酯交换 

分 类 号：TE626.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]