亚里士多德论灵魂状态变化与运动的差异  

On the Differences between Change of the States of Soul and Motion by Aristotle

作　　者：胡慧慧 HU Hui-hui(Faculty of Philosophy,Philosophy of Science and Religious Studies,Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich,Munich 80539,Germany)

机构地区：[1]慕尼黑大学哲学、科学理论与宗教学学院,慕尼黑80539

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2021年第10期87-92,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：亚里士多德在《论灵魂》一书中提出,灵魂具有多种不断变化的状态(pathê),这似乎与他所坚称的灵魂的不动性无法兼容。但通过对比灵魂状态的变化与所有的运动类型可以得出,二者之间并不存在矛盾。因为,灵魂状态变化的特殊之处在于,只有变化的起点或终点才会在灵魂中出现,而变化的过程则发生在生物身体中。这种特殊性决定了灵魂状态变化并不属于亚里士多德在空间、量、属性和实体四个范畴所区分的六种运动类型中的任何一种。这一结论说明,灵魂状态变化不会对灵魂不动学说造成威胁。In De Anima Aristotle claims that the soul has varieties of states which change constantly,this seems to be incompatible with the motionlessness of the soul which he insists.However,by contrasting the change of the states of the soul with all types of motion,it becomes clear that there is no contradiction between them.For,the peculiarity of change of the states of the soul is that only the beginning or the end of this change can occur in the soul,but the process merely takes place in the body of the living being.This peculiarity determinates that the states-change of soul does not count any type of the six motions which Aristotle differentiate among the four categories of place,quantity,quality and substance.This conclusion shows that the states-change of soul does not threaten his doctrine concerning the motionlessness of the soul.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 灵魂 灵魂状态 变化 运动 

分 类 号：B502.233[哲学宗教—外国哲学]