基于车轮飞溅的轿车车身污染模拟及控制  

Simulation and Control of Car Body Pollution Based on Wheel Splash

作　　者：殷硕 陈焕明[1] 王亚伦 YIN Shuo;CHEN Huanming;WANG Yalun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（工程技术版）》2021年第4期79-87,共9页Journal of Qingdao University(Engineering & Technology Edition)

基　　金：山东省高等学校科技计划资助项目(J18KA048)。

摘　　要：针对轿车驶过积水路面时存在的车身污染问题,本文建立了轿车空气动力学仿真模型,利用ANSYS分析了车轮溅水对车身表面的水相污染过程,探讨了不同车速下车身污染的规律,并采取几种改进措施,探索降低车身水相污染的有效方法。研究结果表明,车身侧部水相随着时间逐步向车身后部发展,水相厚度逐渐增加,覆盖范围逐渐增大,最终趋于稳定。车轮、轮腔和车轮后部区域的水相厚度较大;车身底部水相覆盖区域随着时间逐步向车身后部延伸,水相厚度随着时间逐渐增大,污染较严重区域集中在车底两侧,底盘尾部区域受水相污染较为严重;随着车速增加,车身侧部和底盘两侧区域的水相覆盖面积和水相厚度逐渐增大;4种改进模型的方法对车身侧部污染均有一定程度的改善,侧裙对前轮后部区域的污染控制效果最好,阻风板和挡泥板大大改善了后轮区域的水相污染。该研究为轿车表面清洁性问题提供了参考。For the research of cars passed through water road car pollution,car air dynamics simulation model is presented in this paper,by using ANSYS to analyze the wheel splashing water on body surface water pollution and process.Pollution laws of car body under different speed is discussed,and several improvement measures are taken in order to explore the effective ways to reduce water pollution,and car body.The results show that the water phase at the side of the car body gradually develops towards the rear of the car body with time,the water phase thickness increases gradually,the coverage area increases gradually,and finally tends to be stable.The water phase thickness of the wheel,wheel cavity and rear area of the wheel is larger.The area covered by water phase at the bottom of the car body gradually extends to the rear of the car body over time,and the thickness of water phase gradually increases over time.The areas with serious pollution are concentrated on both sides of the car bottom,and the rear area of the chassis is seriously polluted by water phase.With the increase of vehicle speed,the area covered by water phase and the thickness of water phase increase gradually.Four methods to improve the model can improve the pollution of the side parts of the car body to a certain extent,and the side skirt has the best pollution control effect on the rear area of the front wheel,while the air block and fender greatly improve the water phase pollution in the rear wheel area.The research provides a reference for the surface cleanliness of cars.

关 键 词：数值计算 汽车外流场 车轮溅水 车速 车身污染 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程] TP273[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]