矛盾态度对决策后自我评价的影响:有中介的双阶段调节作用  

Effect of ambivalent attitudes on post-decision self-evaluation:Two-stage moderation effect with a mediator

作　　者：林让 杨宜苗[2] LIN Rang;YANG Yimiao(LNU-MSU College of International Business,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;School of Business Administration,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学国际商学院,大连116029 [2]东北财经大学工商管理学院,大连116025

出　　处：《心理学报》2021年第12期1348-1360,共13页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71872030);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA058)资助。

摘　　要：矛盾态度不仅影响信息搜索、态度形成和决策行为,而且影响决策后自我评价。本研究构建了一个基于不确定性的中介作用、决策困难水平和结果效价的双调节作用的矛盾态度与决策后自我评价关系模型,3个实验通过设计冲突情境对矛盾态度进行操纵,冲突情境包括选择一所大学和就业企业,运用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行分析,发现矛盾态度对决策后自我评价存在积极影响,矛盾态度通过不确定性影响决策后自我评价的中介过程受到决策困难水平和结果效价的调节。矛盾态度和决策困难水平对不确定性产生影响,不确定性和结果效价对决策后自我评价产生影响,由于不确定性的分离效应,使矛盾态度和决策困难水平对决策后自我评价产生相互冲突的双重作用结果。当获得负面结果时,相较于低决策困难水平,高决策困难水平的个体,矛盾态度通过不确定性对决策后自我评价产生积极影响;当获得正面结果时,相较于高决策困难水平,低决策困难水平的个体,矛盾态度通过不确定性对决策后自我评价产生积极影响。Ambivalent attitudes influence not only information search,attitude formation,and decision-making behavior but also self-evaluation after decision-making.Although the existing studies demonstrate that ambivalent attitudes exert an impact on the cited aspects,their impact on post-decision psychology(i.e.,self-evaluation)remains unknown.To address this concern,the current study constructs a two-stage moderation model of ambivalence and self-evaluation based on outcome valence and difficulty in decision-making.The objective of this pilot study is to select the best method for measuring ambivalent attitudes and test the very changes in ambivalent attitudes in the process of decision-making.We use a camera as an experimental material and manipulate ambivalent attitudes through positive and negative evaluations of the attribute characteristics of the camera.The purpose of Experiment 1 is to verify the main effect of ambivalent attitudes on self-evaluation and the influence of the levels of difficulty of decision-making and outcome valence on ambivalent attitudes and self-evaluation.This experiment is an inter-subject experiment.Experiment 2 uses different experimental materials and employs choices of enterprises as an experimental situation.The procedure for Experiment 2 is the same as that for Experiment 1.Lastly,the purpose of Experiment 3 is to verify the mediating effect of uncertainty.Furthermore,the study supplements the measurement of uncertainty.Experiment 3 uses the same scenario and procedure as those in Experiment 1.The results of the pilot study indicate the absence of significant differences between objective contradictions before and after decision-making.However,subjective contradiction is significantly reduced after decision-making.The results of Experiment 1 suggest that ambivalent attitudes exerted positive effects on self-evaluation and that difficulty in decision-making and outcome valence influenced ambivalent attitudes and self-evaluation.Experiment 2 verified the results of Experiment 1.In Experi

关 键 词：矛盾态度 结果效价 决策困难水平 不确定性 自我评价 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]