掘进机摇臂升降负载敏感控制系统设计与研究  

Design and Research on Load Sensitive Control System of Roadheader Arm Lifting

作　　者：邱鹏 QIU Peng(Institute of Architectural Engineering,Nantong Open University,Nantong Jiangsu 226000,China)

机构地区：[1]南通开放大学建筑工程学院,江苏南通226000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2021年第22期127-132,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：2019年度南通市科技计划指导性项目(社会民生科技计划编号:278)。

摘　　要：针对掘进机液压系统定量泵供油、换向阀中位机能卸荷,系统耗能多、换向主阀阀芯设计复杂等问题,设计掘进机摇臂升降负载敏感系统。在验证负载敏感变量泵模型、换向阀HCD模型、掘进机摇臂平面机构模型基础上,搭建掘进机摇臂升降负载敏感控制系统仿真模型,分析掘进机摇臂升降系统中位卸荷性能,研究了平衡阀先导比、摇臂液压缸尺寸、液压缸大腔回油主阀阀芯节流面积对摇臂升降性能的影响。结果表明:换向阀处于中位,系统中位卸荷阀开启,泵处于低压卸荷工况;增大摇臂液压缸缸径、平衡阀先导比、B口→T口回油背压,摇臂下降启动冲击均增大;平衡阀先导比取1.0、摇臂液压缸缸径取160 mm、B口→T口回油节流面积取24.68 mm^(2)时,摇臂下降起动冲击较小。The roadheader hydraulic system is supplied with oil by the quantitative pump.The system relies on the center function of reversing valve to unload.The traditional system consumes more energy.The spool design of reversing valve is complex.In response to these problems,the oadheader arm lifting load sensing system was designed.The load sensitive variable displacement pump model,HCD model of the reversing valve and roadheader arm plane mechanism model were verified.The roadheader arm lifting load sensitive control system was built.The middle unloading performance of the roadheader arm lifting system was analyzed.The influence of the balance valve pilot ratio,the hydraulic cylinder size,the main valve core throttle area of oil return in large chamber of hydraulic cylinder on the arm lifting performance was studied.The results show that:when the reversing valve is in the middle position,the center unloading valve of the system is opened and the pump is under low pressure unloading condition;when the cylinder diameter of the arm hydraulic cylinder,the balance valve pilot ratio and the back pressure of B→T return oil are increased,the starting impact of rocker arm falling increases;when the balance valve pilot ratio is 1.0,the arm hydraulic cylinder diameter is 160 mm,and the return oil throttling area of B→T is 24.68 mm^(2),the arm descending starting impact is small.

关 键 词：掘进机 负载敏感系统 中位卸荷性能 

分 类 号：U455.31[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]