生物滞留系统对阳台洗衣废水的除污性能研究  

Bio-retention System for Treatment of Balcony Laundry Effluents:Pollutant Removal Characteristics

作　　者：成婷 陈垚[1,2] 冯力柯 闫宇 王鸿睿 CHENG Ting;CHEN Yao;FENG Like;YAN Yu;WANG Hongrui(School of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学环境水利工程重庆市工程实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第8期139-145,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：重庆市青少年创新人才培养雏鹰计划项目(CY200701);国家自然科学基金项目(51709024);重庆市建设科技计划项目(城科字2020第5-7);重庆交通大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X202010618021,X202010618014)。

摘　　要：老旧小区因历史原因长期存在阳台洗衣废水排入雨水管道现象,并对水体造成了严重污染。生物滞留是海绵城市建设的优选措施之一,但其受季节性降雨特征影响而出现过长干旱期,导致植物死亡进而损害系统功能,甚至造成降雨径流引起的污染物淋洗现象。生物滞留系统在干旱期处理其他污染水源(如洗衣废水)可消除人为浇灌养护工作,并提高系统应对干旱气候的适应能力。为考察生物滞留系统在干旱期对洗衣废水的处理效能,该文研究了进水有机物浓度和闲置时间对生物滞留系统除污性能的影响。结果表明,生物滞留系统可高效去除洗衣废水中的TSS;植物系统对TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和COD等污染物的去除效果均显著优于无植物系统;进水有机物浓度对系统除污能力具有一定的影响,尤其是有机物浓度过高不利于植物系统对氮的去除;当闲置时间为2~4 d时,系统对洗衣废水的除污性能受闲置时间影响不显著。研究证实,生物滞留系统在非雨季可用于阳台洗衣废水中的处理。In the old communities, many families usually use washing machines at the balcony to easily discharge laundry effluents, which run into rainwater sewerage, thus resulting in serious contamination of the water bodies that receive these effluents. The bio-retention system is one of the preferred measures in the construction of sponge cities, however the system is liable to be affected by the seasonal rainfall patterns, particularly, long-term dry spell, which results in vegetation withering up, and the leaching of pollutants when stormwater inflows come. On the other hand, polluted water sources such as the laundry wastewater can be used in stead of rain-water to solve the dry-weather problem without any irrigation equipment to maintain the bio-retention system. This paper describes a laboratory experiment conducted to investigate laundry wastewater treatment efficiency of a bioretention system during dry period, focusing on the influence of influent organic concentration and retention time on its decontamination performance. The results show that total suspended solids(TSS) were removed from laundry wastewater efficiently, and the removal performances of pollutants such as total nitrogen(TN), ammonia nitrogen(NH;-N) and COD in the vegetated bio-retention are significantly better than non-vegetated system;pollutant removal capacity of the bio-retention was affected by organic concentrations to a certain degree, in particular, the high concentration of inflow organics is not conducive to the removal of nitrogen in the vegetated systems. It seems that influence of the retention time(2~4 days) on removal performance is not remarkable. In summary, the bio-retention system is an adaptive measure to treat laundry wastewater from balcony particularly during the dry season.

关 键 词：生物滞留 老旧小区 洗衣废水 有机物浓度 闲置时间 污染物 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]