不同刈割期对饲用小黑麦草产量和营养品质的影响  

Effects of Different Cutting Time on the Forage Yield and Nutritional Quality of Forage Triticale

作　　者：何鹏亮 汪娅梅 揭红东 邓荟芬 邢虎成[1,2] 揭雨成 HE Peng-liang;WANG Ya-mei;JIE Hong-dong;DENG Hui-fen;XING Hu-cheng;JIE Yu-cheng(Institute of Ramie,Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;Hunan Provincial Research Center of Engineering Technology for Grass Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;Chenzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chenzhou, Hunan Province 423000, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省草类作物种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128 [3]郴州市农业科学研究所,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《草地学报》2021年第11期2609-2614,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2017FY100604-02);湖南省草食动物产业技术体系牧草种植与秸秆加工利用岗位专家专项(2019-2021);国家饲草与饲纤兼用作物资源分库(NCGRC-2020-48);华中地区主要经济作物气象灾害防控技术研发与产品创制(2019YFD1002205-3)资助。

摘　　要：为了筛选湖南地区饲用小黑麦(Triticale Wittmack)的最佳刈割时期,本试验研究了2个小黑麦品种(‘中饲1048’,‘冀饲2号’)和2个小黑麦新品系(‘中饲3297’,‘中饲1257’)在3个刈割期(拔节期,灌浆期,成熟期)的农艺性状、草产量和营养品质。结果表明:不同刈割期小黑麦的株高、分蘖数、绿叶数、鲜草和干草产量均存在显著差异,灌浆期的鲜草和干草产量(46.92和12.97 t·hm^(-2))最高,拔节期的绿叶数(4.10片)最多,成熟期的株高(176.76 cm)最高,分蘖数(329.17万个·hm^(-2))最多。不同刈割期小黑麦的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、中(酸)性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素和可溶性糖含量均存在显著差异,随着刈割期的推迟,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量逐渐下降,中(酸)性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量逐渐增加,可溶性糖含量逐渐下降。综合分析表明,饲用小黑麦的最佳刈割时期为灌浆期,此时鲜(干)草产量最高,营养品质较高。In order to screen the best cutting time of forage triticale in Hunan Province,the agronomic traits,forage yield and nutritional quality of 2 triticale varieties(‘Zhongsi 1048’,‘Jisi No.2’)and 2 new triticale lines(‘Zhongsi 3297’,‘Zhongsi 1257’)were studied at 3 growth periods(jointing period,filling period,mature period).The results showed that significant differences existed in the plant height,tiller number,green leaf number,fresh weight and hay yield of triticale at different cutting time.The fresh weight and hay yield(46.92 and 12.97 t·hm^(-2))were the highest at the filling period,and the number of green leaves(4.10 pieces)was the most at the jointing period.The plant height(176.76 cm)was the highest at the mature period,and the number of tillers(3.29×106·hm^(-2))was the most.Significant differences were also found in the crude protein,ether extract,crude ash,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,acid detergent lignin and soluble sugar content of triticale at different cutting time.With the postponement of the cutting time,the content of crude protein,ether extract,crude ash and soluble sugar content gradually decreased,and the content of neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin gradually increased.Comprehensive analysis showed that the best cutting time for forage triticale was the filling period,when the fresh weight and hay yield were the highest and the nutritional quality was higher.

关 键 词：小黑麦 刈割时期 农艺性状 草产量 营养品质 

分 类 号：S544[农业科学—作物学]