利用含5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位的重组自交系创制小麦染色体结构变异新材料  

Development of New Wheat Materials with Chromosome Structural Variation by Using Recombinant Inbred Line Containing 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL Reciprocal Translocation Chromosomes

作　　者：杨漫宇[1] 王琴[1] 唐宗祥[2] 杨恩年[1] YANG Man-yu;WANG Qin;TANG Zong-xiang;YANG En-nian(Crop Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biolo-y and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China,Ministiy of Agaculturr and Rurat Affairs,Sichuan Academy of Agriculturat Sciences,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;Colleae of Agronomy,Sichuan Agriculturat University,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院作物研究所/农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第10期2063-2069,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目(2021YFH0051,2021YFYZ0002);四川省农业科学院项目(2019LJRC005,2021XKJS005)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体在来自简单杂交川麦42×川麦55的高代重组自交系(RILs)中对染色体及农艺性状的影响,以期为这对相互易位染色体在育种和生产中的应用提供指导。【方法】利用基于寡核苷酸探针Oligo-pSc119.2-1、Oligo-pTa535-1和Oligo-(GAA)_(7)的ND-FISH技术,对200份F_(6)RILs进行分析,以探明染色体变异情况。【结果】细胞学鉴定的142个纯合株系包括4种类型:1B和5B/7B(43份)、1RS·1BL和5B/7B(30份)、1B和5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL(35份)、1RS·1BL和5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL(32份),且它们在株高、分蘖、小穗和千粒重上没有差异。17y456和17y588两份自交系是含染色体结构变异且高抗条锈病的新材料,其中17y456聚合了1RS·1BL、5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL、3BS·5AS/3BL·5AL,17y588含有5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL和4D^(Changed)染色体。【结论】5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体对株高、分蘖、小穗和千粒重无负作用,这为育种家在应用易位系进行品种改良提供了指导意义。利用5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL易位染色体进行简单有性杂交能够容易获得染色体结构变异新材料,为今后小麦育种及种质创新提供了新的方向。【Objective】The 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL reciprocal translocation chromosomes was rarely reported in Sichuan cultivars.The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL translocation on chromosomes and agronomic traits in the recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from a simple hybrid Chuanmai 42×Chuanmai 55,with a view to providing guidance for the application of the reciprocaltranslocation chromosomes in breeding and production.【Method】In order to explore the chromosome structural variation,200 F_(6)RILs were analyzed by ND-FISH with oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pSc119.2-1,Oligo-pTa535-1 and Oligo-(GAA)_(7).【Result】It was found that 142 homozygous RILs identified by ND-FISH included four types:1 B and 5B/7B(43),1 RS·1 BL and 5B/7B(30),1 B and 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL(35),1 RS·1 BL and 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL(32),and there were no differences in height,tiller,spikelet and 1000-grain weight among the four types.Two inbred lines,17 y456 and 17 y588,were new materials with chromosome structural variation and high resistance to stripe rust,in which 17 y456 possessed 1 RS·1 BL,5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL,3 BS·5 AS/3 BL·5 ALtranslocation chromosomes while 17 y588 contained 5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL and 4 D^(Changed) chromosomes.【Conclusion】5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL had no negative effects on height,tiller,spikelet and 1000-grain weight,which provided guidance for breeders in the application of the reciprocal translocation.5BS·7BS/5BL·7BL translocation chromosomesused for simple sexual hybridization,can easily obtain new materials with chromosome structural variation.It will provide a new direction for wheat breeding and germplasm innovation in the future.

关 键 词：小麦 易位染色体 ND-FISH 染色体结构变异 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]