突发食物中毒污物应急处置吸附密闭设备技术的研制  

Development of adsorption and airtight equipment technology for emergency treatment of sudden food poisoning

作　　者：杨慧宁[1] 郭静[1] 孙振学 张旭毅 沈昫 杨海宁 杨轶 郑春秀 YANG Huining;GUO Jing;SUN Zhen xue;ZHANG Xuyi;SHEN Xu;YANG Haining;YANG Yi;ZHENG Chunxiu(Disease Prevention and Control Division,The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第三医学中心疾病预防控制科,北京100039 [2]武警青海省总队医院,青海西宁810000 [3]解放军总医院第三医学中心卫勤部,北京100039 [4]解放军总医院医疗保障中心派驻三中心信息室,北京100039

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2021年第11期1304-1307,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFC1603705)。

摘　　要：目的设计一种便携式污物吸附密闭消毒处置设备,解决污染食源及分泌物、呕吐物、排泄物等胃肠污染物的快速消毒处置难题,有效预防和控制职业暴露与医院感染。方法采用机械走袋模式,融合固液混合态吸附、气旋吸附、吸附封闭消毒等多项技术,设计“边吸附边消毒”同步处理的污物吸附密闭消毒处置设备,配置高强度ABS材料的机体外壳、耐腐蚀消毒容器与收纳容器,并以高强度耐腐蚀PP材料作为收纳袋,通过电控系统对装置整体功能的实现进行控制。结果该污物吸附密闭消毒处置设备可对污染食源进行预防消毒,同时能够在不同物表对腹泻、呕吐等病因产生的分泌物、呕吐物、排泄物等进行快速彻底吸附、洗消、封装处置,有效解决了污染食源及胃肠污染物的处置难题。结论该设备的设计在一定程度上提升了污物消毒处置技术水平,改变了传统污物处理模式,极大降低了职业暴露与医院感染风险,该设备质量轻、体积小、环境适应性强,使用安全、有效、便捷,具有较高的推广应用价值。Objective A portable sewage adsorption closed disinfection and disposal equipment is designed to solve the problem of rapid disinfection and disposal of contaminated food sources,secretions,vomitus,excretions and other gastrointestinal pollutants,and effectively prevent and control occupational exposure and nosocomial infection.Methods Adopt mechanical walking-bag mode,integrate multiple technologies such as solid-liquid mixed adsorption,cyclone adsorption,adsorption closed disinfection,etc.Design the sewage adsorption closed disinfection and disposal equipment with synchronous treatment of"disinfection while adsorption",configure the body shell of high-strength ABS material,corrosion-resistant disinfection container and receiving container,use high-strength corrosion-resistant PP material as receiving bag,and control the realization of the overall function of the device through the electronic control system.Results The sewage adsorption closed disinfection and disposal equipment can disinfect the contaminated food source in advance,and at the same time,it can quickly and thoroughly adsorb,reprocess and seal the secretions,vomitus and excreta produced by diarrhea,vomiting and other causes on different physical surfaces,effectively solving the problem of disposal of contaminated food source and gastrointestinal pollutants.Conclusion The design of this equipment improves the technical level of sewage disinfection and disposal to a certain extent,changes the traditional sewage treatment mode,and greatly reduces the occupational exposure and nosocomial infection risk.This equipment has the advantages of light quality,small size,strong environmental adaptability,safe,effective and convenient use,and has high value of promotion and application.

关 键 词：污物 污染食源 胃肠污染物 吸附 密闭消毒 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]