昭通市民族混居城区中小学生近视和配装眼镜质量调查  

Myopia and Spectacle Quality Investigation among Different-Ethnics Students in Urban of Zhaotong

作　　者：童世琼 詹东 钟荣勋 洪斌 吕国栋 陈家波 唐茂丹 TONG Shiqiong;ZHAN Dong;ZHONG Rongxun;HONG Bing;L Guodong;CHEN Jiabo;TANG Maodan(The First People’s Hospital of Zhaotong City,Zhaotong 657000,China;Human Anatomy Laboratory,Experimental Teaching Center,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;School of Medicine,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]昭通市第一人民医院眼科,昭通657000 [2]昆明医科大学基础医学院实验教学中心人体解剖学实验室,昆明650500 [3]昆明理工大学医学院,昆明650031

出　　处：《玻璃搪瓷与眼镜》2021年第11期18-23,共6页Glass Enamel & Ophthalmic Optics

基　　金：云南省基础研究专项基金面上项目(202001AT070408);云南省科技厅昆医联合专项基金面上项目(202001AC070285)。

摘　　要：调查了昭通市民族混居城区小学和初中8600名学生近视及配装眼镜质量的现状,通过主客观方法查验各民族学生裸眼视力和戴镜视力,用焦度计测量配装眼镜的屈光度,用肉眼检查眼镜镜片、眼镜架质量和眼镜元件的完整性。调查发现,汉族、回族、彝族、苗族和白族的中小学生近视检出率分别为29.28%、36.60%、34.78%、34.04%和10.64%(P<0.0001);汉族、回族、彝族、苗族的中小学生左、右眼裸眼视力与年级呈负相关(P<0.01);总配镜率和合格率分别为35.25%和68.94%;配装眼镜存在各种质量问题。调查结果表明,以汉族为主的城市民族混居城区中小学生的近视检出率有差异,部分少数民族地区的近视检出率较高;近视配镜率和眼镜的合格率较低,配装眼镜的质量有待提高;社会、学校、家长和学生应共同做好近视的预防和控制。To investigate myopia and spectacle quality among children with different ethnics in the urban,8600 students were recruited from primary or junior middle schools in main area of Zhaotong City.Refraction were measured by chart-based and computerized test.Eyeglasses accuracy was measured by lensometer and spectacles quality was evaluated by optometrists.Myopia rates among Han,Hui,Yi,Miao and Bai ethnics students were 29.28%,36.60%,34.78%,34.04%and 10.64%respectively(P<0.0001).Right and left refractions of Han,Hui,Yi and Miao ethnics students were negatively correlated with their grades(P<0.01).Version correction rate was 35.25%and quality conformance rate of spectacles was 68.94%.There are many quality issues of spectacles.Myopia rates were various among different-ethnics students in urban.Myopia rates were higher in some minorities ethnics students than Han ethnics students.Low correction rate and high failure rate of eyeglasses should be improved.Our society,schools,parents and their children should pay more attention on myopia prevention and control.

关 键 词：近视 眼镜 民族学生 城区 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]