基于结构方程模型的高职大学生手机成瘾、自我控制和自我效能的相关研究  

Research and Analysis on the Relationship among Mobile Phone Addiction,Self-control and Self-efficacy of Higher Vocational College Students Based on Structural Equation Model

作　　者：周正红[1] 刘恒旸 张涛 张东 ZHOU Zhenghong;LIU Hengyang;ZHANG Tao;ZHANG Dong

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学医学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州市职业大学学工处,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《科教文汇》2021年第33期55-60,共6页Journal of Science and Education

基　　金：江苏省教育厅思政专项(编号:2019SJB766);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(编号2020SJA1998)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对高职大学生进行手机成瘾、自我控制和自我效能的研究,可以准确把握高职大学生手机成瘾、自我控制和自我效能的特点及相互间的关系。方法:运用"手机使用的基本信息调查表""手机成瘾指数量表""一般自我效能感量表""自我控制量表"对扬州市职业大学大一、大二、大三年级的学生进行调查。结果:(1)高职大学生的手机成瘾发生率为22%,略低于其他院校;女生在手机成瘾的各维度得分和总分高于男生(P≤0.05);不同年级的学生在低效性方面的得分差异显著(P≤0.05);不同学院和家庭所在地的学生在失控性、戒断性、低效性方面的得分和总分差异显著(P≤0.05);不同目的、不同时长、不同时段使用手机较多的大学生在手机成瘾的各维度得分和总分差异显著(P≤0.05)。(2)将手机成瘾与自我效能、自我控制的各维度得分和总分进行相关分析,结果如下:自我效能总分与手机成瘾的失控性、戒断性、低效性和总分呈负相关(P≤0.05);自我控制方面的专注工作、冲动控制、健康习惯的得分和总分与手机成瘾的各维度得分和总分呈正相关(P≤0.05);节制娱乐与手机成瘾的失控性、戒断性、低效性的得分和总分呈正相关(P≤0.05),抵御诱惑得分与失控性、低效性得分呈负相关(P≤0.05)。(3)运用潜变量的结构方程模型进行检验,模型拟合度良好(χ^(2)/df=10.607;GFI=0.891;NFI=0.837;IFI=0.850;CFI=0.849;RMSEA=0.131),结果显示:自我控制对自我效能具有正向作用(β’=2.587,P<0.001)、手机成瘾与自我效能具有负向作用(β′=-0.662,P<0.001)、手机成瘾与自控能力具有双向正性作用(β’=0.313,P<0.001)。结论:(1)高职大学生手机成瘾的发生率略低于其他院校,不同的性别、年级、专业、家庭所在地、手机使用时长、使用目的、使用时段是影响手机成瘾的基本因素;(2)手机成瘾、自我控制和自我效能的三者Objective:To explore the characteristics and mutual relationship of mobile phone addiction,self-control and selfefficacy of higher vocational college students through the survey.Methods:The freshmen,sophomores and juniors of Yangzhou Polytechnic College were investigated with"Questionnaire on Basic Information about Mobile Phone Use","Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale","General Self-efficacy Scale" and"Self-control Scale".Results:(1) The incidence of mobile phone addiction of higher vocational college students was 22%,slightly lower than other colleges;the scores of all dimensions and total scores of mobile phone addiction in female students were higher than those of male students(P≤0.05);there were significant differences in low efficiency scores among students of different grades(P≤0.05);the scores of out-of-control,abstinence and low efficiency,and total scores were obviously different among students with different schools and families(P≤0.05);there were significant differences in total scores and scores of all dimensions among students with different purposes,different durations,different peaks in a day(P≤0.05).(2) Correlation analysis was made among mobile phone addiction,selfefficacy and self-control,and the results were as follows:The total score of self-efficacy was negatively correlated with the scores of out-of-control,abstinence and low efficiency,and total score(P≤0.05);the score of focus,impulse control,health habits,and total scores in self-control were positively correlated with the total scores and scores of all dimensions of mobile phone addiction(P≤0.05);entertainment limiting was positively correlated with out-of-control,abstinence and low efficiency scores and total scores of mobile phone addiction(P≤0.05);temptation resisting had negative correlation with out-of-control and low efficiency(P≤0.05).(3) The structural equation model of latent variable was used to test the results.The fit of the model was good(χ^(2)/df=10.607;GFI=0.891;NFI=0.837;IFI=0.850;CFI=0.849;RMSEA=0.131).

关 键 词：高职大学生 手机成瘾 自我控制 自我效能 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]