孵化器如何提升在孵企业绩效--组态视角分析  

How Incubators Improve the Performance of Incubated Enterprises:An Analysis from the Perspective of Configuration

作　　者：项国鹏 高挺 曾传圣 XIANG Guopeng;GAO Ting;ZENG Chuansheng(School of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Business Administration,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学旅游与城乡规划学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江工商大学工商管理学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《华东经济管理》2021年第12期110-119,共10页East China Economic Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“核心企业主导的创业生态系统生成及动态演化:网络治理机制视角”(71772161);国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国深度参与全球创新链治理的机制、路径与政策研究”(20&ZD124);国家自然科学基金面上项目“市场主导型创业生态系统与创业企业互动式成长机制研究:机会资源一体化视角”(72172142)。

摘　　要：孵化器是创业生态系统的重要载体之一,对新创企业的孵化作用一直受到理论界和实务界的广泛关注。既有研究主要从孵化网络、孵化服务和创业主体单一视角来探索孵化器的在孵绩效影响机制,但依然存在研究悖论。事实上,孵化器作为微观创业生态系统,呈现出复杂的交互共生关系,需要从整体性视角探索孵化器的在孵绩效问题。基于此,文章通过模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法进行整体性的分析与归纳,识别出3个在孵绩效较高(包括2种软服务主导逻辑下的创业和1种网络主导逻辑下的创业)和2个在孵绩效一般的创业组合(硬服务主导逻辑下的创业和软服务主导逻辑下的迷失性创业),以及两种高绩效孵化器类型,即“软服务吸引型孵化器”和“多元网络吸引型孵化器”。进一步分析发现,仅当创业导向、孵化服务与孵化网络等要素以合适方式组合匹配时,在孵企业才能获得较高的在孵绩效。Incubator is one of the important carriers of entrepreneurial ecosystem.Its incubation effect on start-ups has been widely concerned by theoretical and practical circles.Existing studies mainly explore the impact mechanism of incubator’s incubation performance from a single perspective such as incubation network,incubation service and entrepreneurial subject,but there are still research paradoxes.In fact,as a micro entrepreneurial ecosystem,incubators show complex interactive and symbiotic relationships.It is necessary to explore the incubation performance of incubators from an overall perspective.Based on this,this paper makes an overall analysis and induction through the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA),and identifies three entrepreneurship combinations with high incubation performance(including entrepreneurship under two kinds of soft service leading logic and entrepreneurship under one kind of network leading logic) and two entrepreneurship combinations with general incubation performance(entrepreneurship under hard service leading logic and lost entrepreneurship under soft service leading logic),and two types of high-performance incubators,namely, "soft service attraction incubator" and "multi network attraction incubator".Further analysis shows that only when the entrepreneurial orientation,incubation service,and incubation network are combined and matched in an appropriate way,the incubating enterprises can obtain higher incubating performance.

关 键 词：孵化网络 创业导向 孵化服务 在孵绩效 定性比较分析 

分 类 号：F276.6[经济管理—企业管理] F272.5[经济管理—国民经济]