记忆巩固的神经机制研究进展  

Research progress in neuromechanisms of memory consolidation

作　　者：阿布杜萨拉木·阿吾提 黄诗豪 薛言学[3] 罗宜孝 AWUTI Abudusalamu;HUANG Shihao;XUE Yanxue;LUO Yixiao(Hunan Normal University,Changsha,410081;Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,830011;National Institute on Drug Dependence,Peking University,Beijing,100191)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,长沙410081 [2]新疆医科大学,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2021年第4期241-247,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81771434);长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划(kq1905032)。

摘　　要：记忆是大脑重要的高级神经功能之一,存储着人们所知道的一切信息,理解记忆如何编码、巩固是了解人类认知和行为的关键。记忆巩固的本质是在神经元、脑区或脑亚区之间发展了稳定的新联系,其可以发生在多个神经核团中及其互相联系形成的多个神经环路中,是长时记忆重新组织的过程。记忆巩固可能会持续若干天,甚至若干年。近年来,越来越多研究关注睡眠对记忆巩固的影响,新获得的短时记忆在转变为更稳定持久的长时记忆过程中,快动眼睡眠和非快动眼睡眠均有着重要的生物学作用。本文从记忆的分类及理论模型展开描述,总结记忆巩固的整个过程及睡眠对记忆巩固神经加工机制等方面的研究进展,以期阐明记忆巩固现象的生物学机制。Memory is one of the important high-level neural functions.It stores all the information known to people,so it is understanding how memory is encoded and consolidated that is the key to understanding human cognition and behavior.The nature of memory consolidation is the development of stable new connections among neurons,brain regions and brain subregions,which can occur in multiple nerve nucleus and several neural circuits formed by their connections.It′s the process of long-term memory reorganization.Memory consolidation may last for days or even years.In recent years more and more researchers pay attention to the effects of sleep on memory consolidation.Both rapid eye movement(REM)sleep and non-rapid eye movement(non-REM)sleep play an important biological role in transforming newly acquired short-term memory into more stable long-term memory.This review describes the classification and theoretical model of memory,summarizes the whole process of memory consolidation and the research progress on the neural processing mechanisms of sleep on memory consolidation,in order to elucidate the biological mechanisms of memory consolidation.

关 键 词：记忆 记忆巩固 快动眼睡眠 非快动眼睡眠 海马 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]