简论彝族口传诗歌中的程式化隐喻  

On Stylized Metaphor in Orally-transmitted Yi Poems

作　　者：陈永香[1] CHEN Yongxiang(School of Languages and Cultures,Chuxiong Normal University,Chuxiong,Yunnan Province 675000)

机构地区：[1]楚雄师范学院语言文化学院,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《楚雄师范学院学报》2021年第6期8-13,共6页Journal of Chuxiong Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“彝汉神话互鉴与文化认同研究”(18BZW193)阶段成果。

摘　　要：彝族口传诗歌中的隐喻,大多来源于人们对自然界动植物习性、特点的观察,或是对自然现象变化的观察,或基于生产生活经验的体验,或基于所处文化整体的感受等。彝族史诗《梅葛》是彝族口传诗歌的代表性作品,口传诗歌隐喻的使用有传统的规定性,毕摩的吟诵是在祭祀仪式上的祈求或丧葬仪式上对死者进行指引性教导,让亡灵回归祖地;歌手的演唱是在婚礼等一些喜庆的仪式上以娱乐为中心的演唱。受制于演唱语境、演唱者的身份和演唱功能的不同,使用的隐喻也有相应的区别。彝族口传诗歌里大量隐喻的使用,使口传诗歌情感表达婉转丰富,叙事形象生动,增强了诗歌的表现力。Metaphors in the orally-transmitted poems of the Yi People originate from their observation of the nature,such as habits and characteristics of the animals and plants,observation of changes of natural phenomena,experience from production and life,or perception of their culture in general.Meige,one of the representative orally-transmitted Yi epics,shows that use of metaphors follow traditional regulations.Bimos usually sing it at sacrificial ceremonies,prayers or funerals to direct the spirits of the deceased back to ancestorland while singers often sing it at jubilant celebrations,such as weddings,for the purpose of entertainment.Metaphors used at the latter occasions vary according to the context and functions of the singings as well as identity of the singers.Wide use of metaphors in the orallytransmitted Yi poems effectively enrich their emotional exposure,vitalize their narrative imagery and enhance their expressive power.

关 键 词：彝族口传诗歌 程式化 隐喻 

分 类 号：I207.25[文学—中国文学]