浅论行政非法证据排除规则之优化  

On the Optimization of the Rule of Excluding Illegal Administrative Evidence

作　　者：林威光 余睿 LIN Wei-guang;YU Rui(Guangxi University,Nanning,530004,Guangxi;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu,610074,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]广西大学法学院,广西南宁530004 [2]西南财经大学法学院,四川成都610074

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2021年第4期88-96,共9页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

基　　金：2020年广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目“行政执法中的非法取证行为规制研究”(YCSW2020009)。

摘　　要：为遏制行政机关非法取证,我国立法在行政执法和行政诉讼阶段,均创设了非法证据排除的规定,共同构筑行政非法证据排除规则。但行政非法证据排除规则自身的缺陷日益暴露,致使规则的执行陷入困境,亟需对行政非法证据排除规则进行优化。通过对行政非法证据排除规则的解构,发现其蕴含的"守法"逻辑,已不足以支撑规则的良性运用。"守法"逻辑的根源是行政机关的取证意志,由此阐发出相对人的举证意志,将取证意志与举证意志相结合,以实现对现有规则的重构及优化。具体方法是,以取证意志构建大框架,该框架已在现行立法中已基本构建完成;以举证意志细化大框架,实现非法证据的精准识别和处置。In order to curb the illegal collection of evidence by administrative agencies,our country’s legislation has created regulations on the exclusion of illegal evidence in both the administrative law enforcement and administrative litigation stages,and jointly constructed rules for the exclusion of administrative illegal evidence.The deficiencies of the rules of excluding administrative illegal evidence are increasingly exposed,causing the implementation of the rules to be in a difficult situation,and it is urgent to optimize these rules.Through the deconstruction of the rule of illegal administrative evidence exclusion,it is found that the logic of"law-abiding"contained therein is no longer sufficient to support the benign application of the rule.The root of the"law-abiding"logic is the administrative agency’s will to obtain evidence,which explains the relative person’s will to provide evidence,and combines the will to obtain evidence with the will to provide evidence to realize the reconstruction and optimization of existing rules.The specific method is to construct a large framework with the will to obtain evidence,which has been basically completed in the current legislation;and to refine the large framework with the will to provide evidence and thus to achieve accurate identification and disposal of illegal evidence.

关 键 词：行政执法 行政诉讼 非法证据排除规则 非法取证行为 

分 类 号：D922.114[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]