半转叶轮水轮机偏航机构设计与优化  

Design and optimization of yaw mechanism of half-rotating impeller tidal turbine

作　　者：刘聪 张旭成 孙承坤 于晓峰 王孝义[1] 张玉华[1] LIU Cong;ZHANG Xu-cheng;SUN Cheng-kun;YU Xiao-feng;WANG Xiao-yi;ZHANG Yu-hua(Anhui University of Technology,Ma5anshan 243002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学机械工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《能源工程》2021年第6期23-30,共8页Energy Engineering

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(201904b11020030)

摘　　要：半转叶轮水轮机是一种启动性好、获能效率高的新型升阻复合式垂直轴水轮机,针对来流方向直接影响水轮机获能系数的问题,需要设计一种偏航机构使得水轮机以最佳迎流角面向来流,从而保证水轮机始终处于最佳获能姿态。首先探究了偏航工况对半转叶轮水轮机获能系数的影响规律,确定了尾翼式偏航机构的设计方案;通过偏航力矩比较,进一步确定了三角尾翼翼型。建立了偏航机构运动响应理论模型,通过数值模拟验证了该模型的正确性。采用遗传算法对尾翼式偏航机构的结构参数进行优化,使得其偏航响应时间缩短了27%,进一步提高了半转叶轮水轮机回正至最佳获能姿态的响应能力。研究结果可为半转叶轮水轮机整机系统设计提供理论指导和方法支撑。Half-rotating impeller tidal turbine(HITT)is a new type of lift-drag composite vertical axis turbine with good starting performance and high energy harvesting efficiency.Aiming at the problem that the flow direction directly affects the energy harvesting coefficient of the turbine,it is necessary to design a yaw mechanism to make the turbine face the flow with the best angle of attack,so as to ensure that the turbine is always in the best energy harvesting posture.First,the influence of yaw condition on the energy gain coefficient of HITT was explored,and the design scheme of tail-wing yaw mechanism was determined.Through yaw moment comparison,the triangular tail airfoil shape was further determined.The theoretical model of motion response of yaw mechanism was established,and the correctness of the model was verified by numerical simulation.On the basis of the above research,the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the structural parameters of the tail-wing yaw mechanism,which shortened the yaw response time by 27%,and further improved the response ability of the semi-rotating impeller turbine to return to the optimal energy harvesting attitude.The research results provide theoretical guidance and reference for the whole system design method of HITT.

关 键 词：半转叶轮水轮机 获能系数 偏航机构 偏航响应 

分 类 号：TK7[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]